What do systematic reviews say?

Traditional suburethral sling operation vs drugs

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Traditional suburethral sling operations for urinary incontinence in women 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Traditional suburethral sling operation vs injectable treatment

It is very uncertain whether traditional suburethral sling operation changes perioperative surgical complications Urinary tract infection ‐… compared with injectables (very low certainty).

• Traditional suburethral sling operations for urinary incontinence in women 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.57 [0.29, 8.49]
  1 study · 43 participants
  Very low

Traditional suburethral sling operation vs anterior repair

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Traditional suburethral sling operations for urinary incontinence in women 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Traditional suburethral sling operation vs bladder neck (needle) suspension

It is very uncertain whether traditional suburethral sling operation changes perioperative surgical complications ‐ urodynamic stress… compared with bladder neck needle suspension (abdominal and vaginal) (very low certainty).

• Traditional suburethral sling operations for urinary incontinence in women 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 4.5 [1.28, 15.81]
  1 study · 20 participants
  Very low

Traditional suburethral sling operation vs no treatment/sham

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Traditional suburethral sling operations for urinary incontinence in women 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Traditional suburethral sling operation vs open abdominal retropubic suspension

It is very uncertain whether traditional suburethral sling operation changes perioperative surgical complications compared with open abdominal retropubic colposuspension (very low certainty).

• Traditional suburethral sling operations for urinary incontinence in women 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.24 [0.83, 1.86]
  4 studies · 792 participants
  Very low

Traditional suburethral sling operation vs laparoscopic colposuspension

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Traditional suburethral sling operations for urinary incontinence in women 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Traditional suburethral sling operation vs a mid‐urethral sling or tape

Traditional suburethral sling operation may leads to higher perioperative surgical complications compared with a mid‐urethral sling or tape (low certainty).

• Traditional suburethral sling operations for urinary incontinence in women 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.74 [1.16, 2.6]
  4 studies · 293 participants
  Low

Traditional suburethral sling operation vs a single‐incision sling (mini‐sling)

It is very uncertain whether traditional suburethral sling operation changes perioperative surgical complications ‐ bladder perforation compared with a single‐incision sling (mini‐sling) (very low certainty).

• Traditional suburethral sling operations for urinary incontinence in women 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 3 [0.13, 71.22]
  1 study · 70 participants
  Very low

One type of traditional sling operation vs another traditional suburethral sling

• Traditional suburethral sling operations for urinary incontinence in women 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 239 participants
  Very low

Traditional suburethral sling operation vs conservative management

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Traditional suburethral sling operations for urinary incontinence in women 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in need for surgical closure of the PDA (low certainty).

• Ibuprofen for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight (or both) infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.93 [0.5, 1.74]
  4 studies · 174 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in need for surgical closure of the ductus (moderate certainty).

• Ibuprofen for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight (or both) infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.41 [0.41, 1.21]
  5 studies · 406 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in need for surgical closure of the PDA (moderate certainty).

• Ibuprofen for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight (or both) infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.06 [0.81, 1.39]
  16 studies · 1275 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention probably leads to lower need for surgical closure of PDA (during hospital stay) (moderate certainty).

• Ibuprofen for the prevention of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm and/or low birth weight infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.46 [0.22, 0.96]
  7 studies · 925 participants
  Moderate

Topical anaesthesia plus intracameral lidocaine vs topical anaesthesia alone

Topical anaesthesia plus intracameral lidocaine showed no clear difference in intraoperative adverse surgical events attributable to choice of… compared with topical anaesthesia alone (low certainty).

• Topical anaesthesia plus intracameral lidocaine versus topical anaesthesia alone for phacoemulsification cataract… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1 [0.32, 3.16]
  Studies not reported
  Low

Parachlorometaxylenol with iodine vs iodine alone

It is very uncertain whether parachlorometaxylenol with iodine changes surgical site infection compared with iodine alone (very low certainty).

• Skin preparation for preventing infection following caesarean section 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.33 [0.04, 2.99]
  1 study · 50 participants
  Very low

Chlorhexidine vs povidone‐iodine

Chlorhexidine gluconate probably leads to lower surgical site infection compared with povidone iodine (moderate certainty).

• Skin preparation for preventing infection following caesarean section 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.72 [0.58, 0.91]
  8 studies · 4323 participants
  Moderate

Drape vs no drape

Drape showed no clear difference in surgical site infection compared with no drape (low certainty).

• Skin preparation for preventing infection following caesarean section 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.29 [0.97, 1.71]
  3 studies · 1373 participants
  Low

Lipopeptide antibiotic (daptomycin) vs aminoglycoside (low‐dose gentamicin) plus anti‐staphylococcal penicillin (nafcillin, oxacillin or flucloxacillin) or glycopeptide antibiotic (vancomycin)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• A comparison of different antibiotic regimens for the treatment of infective endocarditis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found