Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,756 questions · 13,493 findings · 1,305 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 2,594 · 19.2%GRADE not reported 728 · 5.4%Very low 2,868 · 21.3%Low 3,777 · 28%Moderate 2,620 · 19.4%High 906 · 6.7%

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Antidepressants vs placebo

Adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (Analysis 1.14) · people with stroke

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions (antidepressants) changes adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment Analysis 1.12 compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis vs placebo

Wound infection · prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernioplasty hernia repair

It is very uncertain whether antibiotic prophylaxis changes all wound infections (SSSI + DSSI) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis vs placebo

DSSI · prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernioplasty hernia repair

Antibiotic prophylaxis showed no clear difference in DSSI compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis vs placebo

DSSI ‐ low infection risk environment · prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernioplasty hernia repair

Antibiotic prophylaxis showed no clear difference in DSSI ‐ low infection risk environment compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis vs placebo

DSSI ‐ high infection risk environment · prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernioplasty hernia repair

Antibiotic prophylaxis showed no clear difference in DSSI ‐ high infection risk environment compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis vs placebo

All wound infections (SSSI + DSSI) ‐ low infection risk environment · prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernioplasty hernia repair

It is very uncertain whether antibiotic prophylaxis changes all wound infections (SSSI + DSSI) ‐ low infection risk environment compared with placebo (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis vs placebo

All wound infections (SSSI + DSSI) ‐ high infection risk environment · prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernioplasty hernia repair

It is very uncertain whether antibiotic prophylaxis changes all wound infections (SSSI + DSSI) ‐ high infection risk environment compared with placebo (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis vs placebo

SSSI · prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernioplasty hernia repair

Antibiotic prophylaxis probably leads to lower SSSI compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis vs placebo

SSSI ‐ low infection risk environment · prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernioplasty hernia repair

Antibiotic prophylaxis showed no clear difference in SSSI ‐ low infection risk environment compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis vs placebo

SSSI ‐ high infection risk environment · prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernioplasty hernia repair

It is very uncertain whether antibiotic prophylaxis changes SSSI ‐ high infection risk environment compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral care interventions (nurse-assisted toothbrushing, oral and pharyngeal cavity rinse, decontamination with antibiotics or antiseptics) vs placebo

Presence of related infection: pneumonia · people with stroke

Oral health care intervention showed no clear difference in presence of related infection: pneumonia (Analysis 2.1) compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review