Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

508 questions · 529 findings · 58 reviews

No studies found 191 · 36.1%GRADE not reported 49 · 9.3%Very low 143 · 27%Low 92 · 17.4%Moderate 51 · 9.6%High 3 · 0.6%

Local and systemic reactions after administration of Tetanus Diphtheria acelluar Pertussis vaccine vs saline placebo

Injection site reactions ‐ induration ‐ swelling · patients with local and systemic reactions

Local and systemic reactions after administration of Tetanus… showed no clear difference in injection site reactions ‐ induration ‐ swelling compared with saline placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Local and systemic reactions after administration of Tetanus Diphtheria acelluar Pertussis vaccine vs saline placebo

Systemic reactions ‐ fever (oral temperature ≥ 38°C) · patients with local and systemic reactions

Local and systemic reactions after administration of Tetanus… showed no clear difference in systemic reactions ‐ fever (oral temperature ≥ 38°C) compared with saline placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Local and systemic reactions after administration of Tetanus Diphtheria acelluar Pertussis vaccine vs saline placebo

Systemic reactions ‐ headache · patients with local and systemic reactions

Local and systemic reactions after administration of Tetanus… showed no clear difference in systemic reactions ‐ headache compared with saline placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Local and systemic reactions after administration of Tetanus Diphtheria acelluar Pertussis vaccine vs saline placebo

Systemic reactions ‐ malaise · patients with local and systemic reactions

Local and systemic reactions after administration of Tetanus… showed no clear difference in systemic reactions ‐ malaise compared with saline placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Local and systemic reactions after administration of Tetanus Diphtheria acelluar Pertussis vaccine vs saline placebo

Systemic reactions ‐ myalgia · patients with local and systemic reactions

Local and systemic reactions after administration of Tetanus… showed no clear difference in systemic reactions ‐ myalgia compared with saline placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Local and systemic reactions after administration of Tetanus Diphtheria acelluar Pertussis vaccine vs saline placebo

Injection site pain · patients with local and systemic reactions

Local and systemic reactions after administration of Tetanus… probably leads to higher injection site reactions ‐ pain at injection site compared with saline placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Local and systemic reactions after administration of Tetanus Diphtheria acelluar Pertussis vaccine vs saline placebo

Injection site reactions ‐ erythema ‐ redness · patients with local and systemic reactions

Local and systemic reactions after administration of Tetanus… showed no clear difference in injection site reactions ‐ erythema ‐ redness compared with saline placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lidocaine vs control (air/saline)

Sore throat · patients presenting with postoperative sore throat

lidocaine may leads to lower risk of sore throat 12 hours to 30 hours after the operation compared with control (air/saline) (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Gamma‐globulin vs control (no preparation or saline preparation)

Rubella cases Initial meta‐analysis ‐ clinical diagnosis or serology +/‐ virus isolation +/‐ clinical signs · susceptible people exposed to rubella

Gamma‐globulin probably leads to lower rubella cases Initial meta‐analysis ‐ clinical diagnosis or serology… compared with control (saline or no treatment) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gamma‐globulin vs control (no preparation or saline preparation)

Subgroup: rubella cases Estimated dose 0.027 to 0.037 ml/lb11 Clinical diagnosis by 2 physicians · susceptible people exposed to rubella

Gamma‐globulin showed no clear difference in subgroup: rubella cases Estimated dose 0.027 to 0.037 ml/lb11… compared with control (saline or no treatment) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gamma‐globulin vs control (no preparation or saline preparation)

Subgroup: rubella cases Estimated dose 0.1 to 0.15 ml/lb11 Serology +/‐ virus isolation +/‐ clinical signs · susceptible people exposed to rubella

Gamma‐globulin leads to lower subgroup: rubella cases Estimated dose 0.1 to 0.15 ml/lb11 Serology… compared with control (saline or no treatment) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gamma‐globulin vs control (no preparation or saline preparation)

Subgroup: rubella cases Estimated dose 0.2 to 0.5 ml/lb11 Serology +/‐ virus isolation +/‐ clinical signs · susceptible people exposed to rubella

Gamma‐globulin showed no clear difference in subgroup: rubella cases Estimated dose 0.2 to 0.5 ml/lb11 Serology… compared with control (saline or no treatment) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral cryotherapy (ice chips, ice-cold water, ice cubes or crushed ice held in the mouth during cancer treatment) vs no intervention or control intervention (control)

Normalcy of diet (total parenteral nutrition) · All patients with cancer who are receiving treatment

It is very uncertain whether oral cryotherapy (ice chips, ice-cold water, ice cubes or crushed… changes normalcy of diet (days of total parenteral nutrition, TPN) compared with control (no treatment or standard/usual oral care, e.g. saline rinse) (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Oral cryotherapy (ice chips, ice-cold water, ice cubes or crushed ice held in the mouth during cancer treatment) vs no intervention or control intervention (control)

Number of days unable to take medicine orally · All patients with cancer who are receiving treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral cryotherapy (ice chips, ice-cold water, ice cubes or crushed ice held in the mouth during cancer treatment) vs no intervention or control intervention (control)

Duration of interruptions to cancer treatment · All patients with cancer who are receiving treatment

It is very uncertain whether oral cryotherapy (ice chips, ice-cold water, ice cubes or crushed… changes duration of interruptions to cancer treatment compared with control (no treatment or standard/usual oral care, e.g. saline rinse) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Depot corticosteroids (systemic; 40 mg methylprednisolone IM every 3 weeks for 27 weeks) vs placebo injection

Mean number of oral ulcers · People with Behcet's disease with a history of recurrent oral aphthous-type (RAS-type) ulcers diagnosed clinically; primary care

Depot corticosteroids (systemic; 40 mg methylprednisolone IM every 3… showed no clear difference in mean number of oral ulcers compared with placebo (saline IM injection); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review