Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,703 questions · 15,007 findings · 1,416 reviews

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No studies found 2,881 · 19.2%GRADE not reported 1,551 · 10.3%Very low 3,111 · 20.7%Low 3,881 · 25.9%Moderate 2,669 · 17.8%High 914 · 6.1%

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Combination therapy vs placebo

QoL · men with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic obstruction

1 finding from 1 review

Anticholinergics combined with alpha‐blockers for treating lower urinary tract symptoms related to benign prostatic… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 991 participants
Very low

Combination therapy vs placebo

Adverse events · men with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic obstruction

Combination therapy probably leads to higher adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Anticholinergics combined with alpha‐blockers for treating lower urinary tract symptoms related to benign prostatic… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.24 [1.04, 1.47]
3 studies · 1848 participants
Moderate

Combination therapy vs placebo

AUR · men with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic obstruction

It is very uncertain whether combination therapy changes AUR compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Anticholinergics combined with alpha‐blockers for treating lower urinary tract symptoms related to benign prostatic… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.94 [0.41, 9.08]
5 studies · 2369 participants
Very low

Combination therapy vs placebo

Surgical intervention – not reported · men with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic obstruction

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Anticholinergics combined with alpha‐blockers for treating lower urinary tract symptoms related to benign prostatic… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Training to respond to intimate partner violence vs no intervention, wait‐list or placebo on healthcare providers' attitudes towards, knowledge of and readiness to manage IPV, referrals

Healthcare providers’ attitudes/beliefs towards IPV · physicians/doctors, medical staff, medical students, residents, nurses and nursing students, dentists and dental students, counsellors and…

1 finding from 1 review

Training healthcare providers to respond to intimate partner violence against women 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 641 participants
Low

Training to respond to intimate partner violence vs no intervention, wait‐list or placebo on healthcare providers' attitudes towards, knowledge of and readiness to manage IPV, referrals

Healthcare providers’ readiness to respond to/manage survivors of IPV · physicians/doctors, medical staff, medical students, residents, nurses and nursing students, dentists and dental students, counsellors and…

1 finding from 1 review

Training healthcare providers to respond to intimate partner violence against women 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 487 participants
Very low

Training to respond to intimate partner violence vs no intervention, wait‐list or placebo on healthcare providers' attitudes towards, knowledge of and readiness to manage IPV, referrals

Healthcare providers knowledge or awareness about IPV · physicians/doctors, medical staff, medical students, residents, nurses and nursing students, dentists and dental students, counsellors and…

1 finding from 1 review

Training healthcare providers to respond to intimate partner violence against women 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 239 participants
Very low

Training to respond to intimate partner violence vs no intervention, wait‐list or placebo on healthcare providers' attitudes towards, knowledge of and readiness to manage IPV, referrals

Referrals made to support agencies, social workers or other specialised services · physicians/doctors, medical staff, medical students, residents, nurses and nursing students, dentists and dental students, counsellors and…

1 finding from 1 review

Training healthcare providers to respond to intimate partner violence against women 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 49 participants
GRADE not reported

Training to respond to intimate partner violence vs no intervention, wait‐list or placebo on healthcare providers' attitudes towards, knowledge of and readiness to manage IPV, referrals

Provider response to IPV: safety planning, counselling and validation of survivors’ feelings · physicians/doctors, medical staff, medical students, residents, nurses and nursing students, dentists and dental students, counsellors and…

It is very uncertain whether training to respond to intimate partner violence changes provider response to IPV: safety planning, counselling and… compared with no intervention, wait‐list or placebo on healthcare providers'… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Training healthcare providers to respond to intimate partner violence against women 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.07 [0.96, 9.77]
1 study · 29 participants
Very low

Training to respond to intimate partner violence vs no intervention, wait‐list or placebo on healthcare providers' attitudes towards, knowledge of and readiness to manage IPV, referrals

Adverse outcomes · physicians/doctors, medical staff, medical students, residents, nurses and nursing students, dentists and dental students, counsellors and…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Training healthcare providers to respond to intimate partner violence against women 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Cisapride vs placebo

Radiological diagnosis of DIOS (physician‐measured radiological scores) · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS) in cystic fibrosis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 17 participants
Very low

Cisapride vs placebo

Adverse effects (participant interviews) · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS) in cystic fibrosis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 17 participants
Very low

Cisapride vs placebo

Total gastrointestinal symptom scores (participant‐reported symptom scores from 20 to 100) · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS) in cystic fibrosis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 17 participants
Very low

Cisapride vs placebo

Hospitalisation (any cause) · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS) in cystic fibrosis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Cisapride vs placebo

Hospitalisation for DIOS · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS) in cystic fibrosis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Cisapride vs placebo

Quality of life · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS) in cystic fibrosis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Cisapride vs placebo

Tolerability · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS) in cystic fibrosis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Folic acid supplements alone vs placebo

Any type of cancer · adult men and women who had been exposed to arsenic‐containing drinking water

1 finding from 1 review

Provision of folic acid for reducing arsenic toxicity in arsenic‐exposed children and adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Folic acid supplements alone vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · adult men and women who had been exposed to arsenic‐containing drinking water

1 finding from 1 review

Provision of folic acid for reducing arsenic toxicity in arsenic‐exposed children and adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Folic acid supplements alone vs placebo

Neurocognitive function · adult men and women who had been exposed to arsenic‐containing drinking water

1 finding from 1 review

Provision of folic acid for reducing arsenic toxicity in arsenic‐exposed children and adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported