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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,181 questions · 1,197 findings · 144 reviews

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No studies found 196 · 16.4%GRADE not reported 213 · 17.8%Very low 274 · 22.9%Low 296 · 24.7%Moderate 171 · 14.3%High 47 · 3.9%

Topiramate as add‐on therapy vs alternative drug

Efficacy: change in scores from baseline to endpoint (12 weeks) on symptom rating scales in the treatment of manic and mixed episodes Lower scores indicate improvement · adults with acute affective episodes in bipolar disorder

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Topiramate as add‐on therapy vs alternative drug

Response to treatment with topiramate. Number of participants experiencing a 50% reduction or greater in mean score from baseline to end of treatment on symptom rating scales in manic and mixed episodes · adults with acute affective episodes in bipolar disorder

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Topiramate as add‐on therapy vs alternative drug

> 50% reduction in depressive symptoms · adults with acute affective episodes in bipolar disorder

It is very uncertain whether topiramate as add‐on therapy changes response to treatment with topiramate. Number of participants… compared with alternative drug (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chinese herbal medicines vs drugs

Total effectiveness rate with subgroup analysis ‐ individualised treatment Clinician's rating · atopic eczema

CHM may leads to higher total effectiveness rate with subgroup analysis ‐ individualised… compared with drugs (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chinese herbal medicines vs drugs

Total effectiveness rate with subgroup analysis ‐ non‐individualised treatment Clinician's rating · atopic eczema

It is very uncertain whether CHM changes total effectiveness rate with subgroup analysis ‐ non‐individualised… compared with drugs (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic oral acyclovir vs placebo or no treatment

Patient or parental satisfaction (tolerance and acceptability of drug) · Children and young adults under 25 years with primary herpetic gingivostomatitis (with or without herpes labialis)
1 finding from 1 review
  • Acyclovir for treating primary herpetic gingivostomatitis 2008 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Amir 1997b: no data available. Ducoulombier 1988: tolerance and acceptability of the drug was described as satisfactory, but it was unclear how this was assessed by the trialists.
    1 study
    GRADE not reported

Evening vs morning dosing regimen

Withdrawals due to adverse events · adults with primary (essential) hypertension whose systolic or diastolic (or both) blood pressure levels were 130/80 mmHg or greater

It is very uncertain whether evening changes withdrawals from treatment due to adverse events compared with morning dosing regimen (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review