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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,000 questions in 69 reviews · Urology
current versionsNo studies 196 · 19.6%Ungraded 33 · 3.3%Very low 198 · 19.8%Low 354 · 35.4%Moderate 206 · 20.6%High 13 · 1.3%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Injectional collagenase vs placebo Treatment‐related adverse effects · men with Peyronie's disease (diagnosis of disease: at least 12 months, penile curvature: at least 30 degrees) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 2.32 [1.98, 2.72] | 1 study · 832 participants | Moderate |
Injectional collagenase vs placebo Degree of penile curvature · men with Peyronie's disease (diagnosis of disease: at least 12 months, penile curvature: at least 30 degrees) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 612 participants | Moderate |
Injectional collagenase vs placebo Discontinuation from treatment · men with Peyronie's disease (diagnosis of disease: at least 12 months, penile curvature: at least 30 degrees) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.25 [0.84, 1.86] | 1 study · 836 participants | Very low |
Injectional verapamil vs saline (short‐term) Outcomes ( · men with Peyronie's disease (palpable plaque or pain) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Injectional verapamil vs saline (short‐term) Patient‐reported ability to have intercourse · men with Peyronie's disease (palpable plaque or pain) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 7 [0.43, 114.7] | 1 study · 14 participants | Very low |
Injectional verapamil vs saline (short‐term) Quality of life · men with Peyronie's disease (palpable plaque or pain) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Potassium paraaminobenzoate vs placebo Treatment‐related adverse effects · men with acute (maximum of 12 months) Peyronie's disease with no prior treatment and no evidence of calcified plaques… Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.27 [0.36, 4.48] | 1 study · 103 participants | Very low |
Injectional verapamil vs saline (short‐term) Treatment‐related adverse effects · men with Peyronie's disease (palpable plaque or pain) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 14 participants | Very low |
Injectional verapamil vs saline (short‐term) Degree of penile curvature · men with Peyronie's disease (palpable plaque or pain) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 14 participants | Very low |
Injectional verapamil vs saline (short‐term) Discontinuation from treatment · men with Peyronie's disease (palpable plaque or pain) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Injectional Botox vs placebo Outcomes ( · men with Peyronie's disease (stable phase) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Injectional Botox vs placebo Patient‐reported ability to have intercourse · men with Peyronie's disease (stable phase) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Injectional Botox vs placebo Quality of life · men with Peyronie's disease (stable phase) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 12 participants | Very low |
Injectional Botox vs placebo Treatment‐related adverse effects · men with Peyronie's disease (stable phase) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Injectional Botox vs placebo Degree of penile curvature · men with Peyronie's disease (stable phase) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Injectional Botox vs placebo Discontinuation from treatment · men with Peyronie's disease (stable phase) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Extracorporeal shock wave treatment (ESWT) vs sham Outcomes ( · men with Peyronie's disease (penile plaque with pain and/or curvature, diagnosis of disease: from acute (< 12 months)… Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Potassium paraaminobenzoate vs placebo Degree of penile curvature · men with acute (maximum of 12 months) Peyronie's disease with no prior treatment and no evidence of calcified plaques… Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Extracorporeal shock wave treatment (ESWT) vs sham Patient‐reported ability to have intercourse · men with Peyronie's disease (penile plaque with pain and/or curvature, diagnosis of disease: from acute (< 12 months)… Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.6 [0.71, 3.6] | 1 study · 26 participants | Very low |
Extracorporeal shock wave treatment (ESWT) vs sham Quality of life · men with Peyronie's disease (penile plaque with pain and/or curvature, diagnosis of disease: from acute (< 12 months)… Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 130 participants | Low |
Extracorporeal shock wave treatment (ESWT) vs sham Treatment‐related adverse effects · men with Peyronie's disease (penile plaque with pain and/or curvature, diagnosis of disease: from acute (< 12 months)… Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 2.73 [0.74, 10.14] | 3 studies · 166 participants | Very low |
Extracorporeal shock wave treatment (ESWT) vs sham Degree of penile curvature · men with Peyronie's disease (penile plaque with pain and/or curvature, diagnosis of disease: from acute (< 12 months)… Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 166 participants | Low |
Extracorporeal shock wave treatment (ESWT) vs sham Discontinuation from treatment · men with Peyronie's disease (penile plaque with pain and/or curvature, diagnosis of disease: from acute (< 12 months)… Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.57 [0.06, 5.65] | 4 studies · 238 participants | Very low |
Penile traction therapy vs no treatment (short‐term) Outcomes ( · men with Peyronie's disease (diagnosis of disease: varying, penile curvature: at least 30 degrees) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Penile traction therapy vs no treatment (short‐term) Patient‐reported ability to have intercourse · men with Peyronie's disease (diagnosis of disease: varying, penile curvature: at least 30 degrees) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Penile traction therapy vs no treatment (short‐term) Quality of life · men with Peyronie's disease (diagnosis of disease: varying, penile curvature: at least 30 degrees) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 82 participants | Very low |
Penile traction therapy vs no treatment (short‐term) Treatment‐related adverse effects · men with Peyronie's disease (diagnosis of disease: varying, penile curvature: at least 30 degrees) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 90 participants | Very low |
Penile traction therapy vs no treatment (short‐term) Degree of penile curvature · men with Peyronie's disease (diagnosis of disease: varying, penile curvature: at least 30 degrees) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 89 participants | Very low |
Potassium paraaminobenzoate vs placebo Discontinuation from treatment · men with acute (maximum of 12 months) Peyronie's disease with no prior treatment and no evidence of calcified plaques… Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.36 [0.72, 2.58] | 1 study · 103 participants | Very low |
Penile traction therapy vs no treatment (short‐term) Discontinuation from treatment · men with Peyronie's disease (diagnosis of disease: varying, penile curvature: at least 30 degrees) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.86 [0.31, 2.36] | 2 studies · 182 participants | Very low |
Injectional interferon alpha‐2B vs saline Outcomes ( · men with chronic (≥ 12 months) Peyronie's disease (single plaque) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Injectional interferon alpha‐2B vs saline Patient‐reported ability to have intercourse · men with chronic (≥ 12 months) Peyronie's disease (single plaque) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Injectional interferon alpha‐2B vs saline Quality of life · men with chronic (≥ 12 months) Peyronie's disease (single plaque) Non‐surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Tubeless PNL vs standard PNL Severe adverse events MCID: 50 per 1000 · treating kidney stones Totally tubeless, tubeless, and tubed percutaneous nephrolithotomy for treating kidney stones (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.53 [0.14, 16.46] | 2 studies · 46 participants | Very low |
Totally tubeless PNL vs standard PNL Operating time (minutes) MCID: 15 min · treating kidney stones Totally tubeless, tubeless, and tubed percutaneous nephrolithotomy for treating kidney stones (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 174 participants | Moderate |
Totally tubeless PNL vs standard PNL Length of hospital stay (days) MCID: 0.5 days · treating kidney stones Totally tubeless, tubeless, and tubed percutaneous nephrolithotomy for treating kidney stones (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 274 participants | Moderate |
Totally tubeless PNL vs standard PNL Blood transfusion MCID: 10 per 1000 · treating kidney stones Totally tubeless, tubeless, and tubed percutaneous nephrolithotomy for treating kidney stones (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.62 [0.26, 1.48] | 4 studies · 274 participants | Very low |
Totally tubeless PNL vs standard PNL Sepsis or fever MCID: 50 per 1000 · treating kidney stones Totally tubeless, tubeless, and tubed percutaneous nephrolithotomy for treating kidney stones (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.33 [0.01, 7.97] | 1 study · 90 participants | Low |
Totally tubeless PNL vs standard PNL Readmission (first 30 days) MCID: 50 per 1000 · treating kidney stones Totally tubeless, tubeless, and tubed percutaneous nephrolithotomy for treating kidney stones (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 50 participants | Very low |
Tubeless PNL vs standard PNL Postoperative pain (day 1) · treating kidney stones Totally tubeless, tubeless, and tubed percutaneous nephrolithotomy for treating kidney stones (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 186 participants | Low |
Tubeless PNL vs standard PNL Operating time (minutes) MCID: 15 min · treating kidney stones Totally tubeless, tubeless, and tubed percutaneous nephrolithotomy for treating kidney stones (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 81 participants | Moderate |
Tubeless PNL vs standard PNL Length of hospital stay (days) MCID: 0.5 days · treating kidney stones Totally tubeless, tubeless, and tubed percutaneous nephrolithotomy for treating kidney stones (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 238 participants | Low |
Tubeless PNL vs standard PNL Blood transfusion MCID: 10 per 1000 · treating kidney stones Totally tubeless, tubeless, and tubed percutaneous nephrolithotomy for treating kidney stones (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.64 [0.16, 2.52] | 4 studies · 161 participants | Very low |
Tubeless PNL vs standard PNL Sepsis or fever MCID: 50 per 1000 · treating kidney stones Totally tubeless, tubeless, and tubed percutaneous nephrolithotomy for treating kidney stones (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.5 [0.05, 4.75] | 2 studies · 82 participants | Very low |
Tubeless PNL vs standard PNL Readmission (first 30 days) MCID: 50 per 1000 · treating kidney stones Totally tubeless, tubeless, and tubed percutaneous nephrolithotomy for treating kidney stones (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.07, 14.21] | 1 study · 24 participants | Very low |
Totally tubeless PNL vs standard PNL Severe adverse events MCID: 50 per 1000 · treating kidney stones Totally tubeless, tubeless, and tubed percutaneous nephrolithotomy for treating kidney stones (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.49 [0.19, 1.25] | 2 studies · 174 participants | Low |
Totally tubeless PNL vs standard PNL Postoperative pain (day 1) · treating kidney stones Totally tubeless, tubeless, and tubed percutaneous nephrolithotomy for treating kidney stones (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 50 participants | Low |
Dose‐escalated RT vs conventional dose RT Time to death from prostate cancer · clinically localized and locally advanced prostate cancer Dose‐escalated radiotherapy for clinically localized and locally advanced prostate cancer (2023) · Cochrane | HR 0.83 [0.66, 1.04] | 8 studies · 5231 participants | Moderate |
Dose‐escalated RT vs conventional dose RT Severe RT toxicity (grade ≥ 3) · clinically localized and locally advanced prostate cancer Dose‐escalated radiotherapy for clinically localized and locally advanced prostate cancer (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.72 [1.32, 2.25] | 8 studies · 4992 participants | Moderate |
Dose‐escalated RT vs conventional dose RT Time to death from any cause · clinically localized and locally advanced prostate cancer Dose‐escalated radiotherapy for clinically localized and locally advanced prostate cancer (2023) · Cochrane | HR 0.98 [0.89, 1.09] | 9 studies · 5437 participants | Moderate |