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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
806 questions in 76 reviews · ENT
current versionsNo studies 293 · 36.4%Ungraded 6 · 0.7%Very low 244 · 30.3%Low 170 · 21.1%Moderate 85 · 10.5%High 8 · 1%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Intratympanic corticosteroids vs placebo/no treatment Improvement in vertigo frequency · adults with Ménière’s disease Intratympanic corticosteroids for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.92, 1.1] | 2 studies · 60 participants | Low |
Intratympanic corticosteroids vs placebo/no treatment Improvement in vertigo frequency · adults with Ménière’s disease Intratympanic corticosteroids for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.03 [0.87, 1.23] | 2 studies · 58 participants | Low |
Intratympanic corticosteroids vs placebo/no treatment Change in vertigo (global score) · adults with Ménière’s disease Intratympanic corticosteroids for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 44 participants | Very low |
Intratympanic corticosteroids vs placebo/no treatment Change in vertigo (frequency) · adults with Ménière’s disease Intratympanic corticosteroids for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 472 participants | Low |
Intratympanic corticosteroids vs placebo/no treatment Change in vertigo (frequency) · adults with Ménière’s disease Intratympanic corticosteroids for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 20 participants | Very low |
Intratympanic corticosteroids vs placebo/no treatment Change in vertigo (frequency) · adults with Ménière’s disease Intratympanic corticosteroids for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 18 participants | Very low |
Intratympanic corticosteroids vs placebo/no treatment Serious adverse events · adults with Ménière’s disease Intratympanic corticosteroids for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.64 [0.22, 1.85] | 4 studies · 500 participants | Very low |
Intratympanic gentamicin vs no treatment/placebo Improvement in vertigo frequency · Ménière’s disease Intratympanic gentamicin for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 33 [2.15, 507] | 1 study · 32 participants | Very low |
Intratympanic gentamicin vs no treatment/placebo Improvement in vertigo frequency · Ménière’s disease Intratympanic gentamicin for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.63 [0.98, 2.69] | 1 study · 22 participants | Very low |
Intratympanic gentamicin vs no treatment/placebo Vertigo (global score)Scale from: 0 (none) to 3 (severe) · Ménière’s disease Intratympanic gentamicin for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 26 participants | Very low |
Intratympanic gentamicin vs no treatment/placebo Vertigo (global score) Scale from: 0 (none) to 3 (severe) · Ménière’s disease Intratympanic gentamicin for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 26 participants | Very low |
Intratympanic gentamicin vs no treatment/placebo Vertigo (frequency) · Ménière’s disease Intratympanic gentamicin for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 22 participants | Very low |
Intratympanic gentamicin vs no treatment/placebo Serious adverse events · Ménière’s disease Intratympanic gentamicin for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Positive pressure therapy vs placebo Improvement in vertigo frequency · adults with Ménière’s disease Positive pressure therapy for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.19 [0.82, 1.71] | 1 study · 77 participants | Low |
Positive pressure therapy vs placebo Change in vertigo (global score) · adults with Ménière’s disease Positive pressure therapy for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 68 participants | Very low |
Positive pressure therapy vs placebo Change in frequency of vertigo · adults with Ménière’s disease Positive pressure therapy for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 202 participants | Very low |
Positive pressure therapy vs placebo Serious adverse events · adults with Ménière’s disease Positive pressure therapy for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ventilation tubes vs no treatment Improvement in frequency of vertigo (complete resolution) at > 12 months · Ménière’s disease Surgical interventions for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.55 [1.22, 1.97] | 1 study · 133 participants | Very low |
Ventilation tubes vs no treatment Change in frequency of vertigo · Ménière’s disease Surgical interventions for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ventilation tubes vs no treatment Serious adverse events · Ménière’s disease Surgical interventions for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Endolymphatic sac decompression vs placebo (sham surgery) Improvement in vertigo (complete resolution) at 6 to ≤ 12 months (12 months) · adults with Ménière’s disease Surgical interventions for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.3 [0.86, 1.96] | 1 study · 30 participants | Very low |
Endolymphatic sac decompression vs placebo (sham surgery) Change in vertigo at 6 to ≤ 12 months (12 months) · adults with Ménière’s disease Surgical interventions for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 29 participants | Very low |
Endolymphatic sac decompression vs placebo (sham surgery) Serious adverse events · adults with Ménière’s disease Surgical interventions for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Adenoidectomy (with or without myringotomy) vs no treatment/watchful waiting Hearing: proportion with normal hearing ‐ up to 12 months № of participants: 42 (1 RCT) · children aged 6 months to 12 years with otitis media with effusion (OME) Adenoidectomy for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.97 [0.65, 1.46] | NR | Very low |
Adenoidectomy and unilateral ventilation tube vs unilateral ventilation tube only Disease‐specific quality of life · children aged 6 months to 12 years with otitis media with effusion (OME) Adenoidectomy for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Adenoidectomy and unilateral ventilation tube vs unilateral ventilation tube only Presence or persistence of OME (3 years ‐ long‐term) № of participants: 74 (1 RCT) · children aged 6 months to 12 years with otitis media with effusion (OME) Adenoidectomy for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.67 [0.35, 1.29] | NR | Very low |
Adenoidectomy and unilateral ventilation tube vs unilateral ventilation tube only Adverse event: haemorrhage · children aged 6 months to 12 years with otitis media with effusion (OME) Adenoidectomy for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Adenoidectomy and ventilation tubes vs no treatment/watchful waiting Hearing: hearing threshold (at 2 years ‐ long‐term) № of participants: 211(1 RCT) · children aged 6 months to 12 years with otitis media with effusion (OME) Adenoidectomy for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Adenoidectomy and ventilation tubes vs no treatment/watchful waiting Disease‐specific quality of life · children aged 6 months to 12 years with otitis media with effusion (OME) Adenoidectomy for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Adenoidectomy and ventilation tubes vs no treatment/watchful waiting Presence/persistence of OME (at 2 years ‐ long‐term) № of participants: 232(1 RCT) · children aged 6 months to 12 years with otitis media with effusion (OME) Adenoidectomy for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.91 [0.82, 1.01] | NR | Very low |
Adenoidectomy and ventilation tubes vs no treatment/watchful waiting Adverse event: haemorrhage № of participants: 416(2 RCTs) · children aged 6 months to 12 years with otitis media with effusion (OME) Adenoidectomy for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Moderate |
Adenoidectomy (with or without myringotomy) vs no treatment/watchful waiting Disease‐specific quality of life · children aged 6 months to 12 years with otitis media with effusion (OME) Adenoidectomy for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Adenoidectomy (with or without myringotomy) vs no treatment/watchful waiting Presence or persistence of OME ‐ over 12 months № of participants: 354(3 RCTs) · children aged 6 months to 12 years with otitis media with effusion (OME) Adenoidectomy for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.9 [0.81, 1] | NR | Very low |
Adenoidectomy (with or without myringotomy) vs no treatment/watchful waiting Adverse event: haemorrhage № of participants: 480(1 RCT) · children aged 6 months to 12 years with otitis media with effusion (OME) Adenoidectomy for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | Peto OR 6.77 | NR | Moderate |
Adenoidectomy and bilateral ventilation tubes vs bilateral ventilation tubes only Hearing: return to normal hearing at 6 to 9 months № of participants: 127 (1 RCT, 213 ears assessed) · children aged 6 months to 12 years with otitis media with effusion (OME) Adenoidectomy for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.36 [0.98, 1.89] | NR | Very low |
Adenoidectomy and bilateral ventilation tubes vs bilateral ventilation tubes only Disease‐specific quality of life · children aged 6 months to 12 years with otitis media with effusion (OME) Adenoidectomy for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Adenoidectomy and bilateral ventilation tubes vs bilateral ventilation tubes only Presence/persistence of OME ‐ over 12 months № of participants: 254 (1 RCT) · children aged 6 months to 12 years with otitis media with effusion (OME) Adenoidectomy for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.96 [0.86, 1.07] | NR | Very low |
Adenoidectomy and bilateral ventilation tubes vs bilateral ventilation tubes only Adverse event: haemorrhage № of participants: 791(2 RCTs) · children aged 6 months to 12 years with otitis media with effusion (OME) Adenoidectomy for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | Peto OR 6.68 [0.42, 107.18] | NR | Low |
Adenoidectomy and unilateral ventilation tube vs unilateral ventilation tube only Hearing: proportion of children with hearing returned to normal (12 months ‐ medium‐term) ‐ normal hearing ≤ 15 dB № of participants: 72 (1 RCT) · children aged 6 months to 12 years with otitis media with effusion (OME) Adenoidectomy for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.24 [0.79, 1.96] | NR | Very low |
Autoinflation vs no treatment Proportion of children whose hearing is normal · otitis media with effusion (OME) in children aged 6 months to 12 years Autoinflation for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | RR 2.67 [1.73, 4.12] | NR | Very low |
Autoinflation vs no treatment Disease‐specific quality of life Mean difference in standardised OMQ‐14 scores (lower score is favourable) · otitis media with effusion (OME) in children aged 6 months to 12 years Autoinflation for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Autoinflation vs no treatment Pain and distress related to the procedure: otalgia · otitis media with effusion (OME) in children aged 6 months to 12 years Autoinflation for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | RR 3.5 [0.74, 16.59] | NR | Very low |
Autoinflation vs no treatment Persistence of OME · otitis media with effusion (OME) in children aged 6 months to 12 years Autoinflation for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.88 [0.8, 0.97] | NR | Low |
Antibiotics vs placebo Hearing ‐ return to normal hearing (as complete improvement in air‐bone gap in the worst ear) · children (aged 6 months to 12 years) with otitis media with effusion (OME) Antibiotics for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | Peto OR 9.59 [3.51, 26.18] | NR | Very low |
Antibiotics vs placebo Disease‐specific quality of life · children (aged 6 months to 12 years) with otitis media with effusion (OME) Antibiotics for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antibiotics vs placebo Presence/persistence of OME · children (aged 6 months to 12 years) with otitis media with effusion (OME) Antibiotics for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.89 [0.68, 1.17] | NR | Very low |
Antibiotics vs placebo Adverse event: anaphylaxis · children (aged 6 months to 12 years) with otitis media with effusion (OME) Antibiotics for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Antibiotics vs no treatment Hearing ‐ hearing threshold‡ (3 months; short‐term) № of participants: 73 (1 RCT) · children (aged 6 months to 12 years) with otitis media with effusion (OME) Antibiotics for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Antibiotics vs no treatment Disease‐specific quality of life · children (aged 6 months to 12 years) with otitis media with effusion (OME) Antibiotics for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antibiotics vs no treatment Presence/persistence of OME (up to 3 months) № of participants: 542 (6 RCTs) · children (aged 6 months to 12 years) with otitis media with effusion (OME) Antibiotics for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.64 [0.5, 0.8] | NR | Low |