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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

46 questions · 46 findings · 5 reviews · Public Health

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No studies found 13 · 28.3%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 20 · 43.5%Low 12 · 26.1%Moderate 1 · 2.2%High 0 · 0%

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other micronutrients vs unfortified rice (no micronutrients added)

Vitamin A deficiency · general population of all age groups (including pregnant women) from any country, over two years of age

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other… showed no clear difference in vitamin A deficiency (as defined by the study authors) compared with unfortified rice (no micronutrients added) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Provision of maize flour or maize flour products fortified with iron plus other vitamins and minerals vs unfortified maize flours or maize flour products

Anaemia · general population older than 2 years of age (including pregnant women), in Kenya and Mexico

It is very uncertain whether provision of maize flour or maize flour products fortified with iron… changes anaemia (defined as haemoglobin (Hb) below WHO cut‐off, adjusted for… compared with unfortified maize flours or maize flour products (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Provision of maize flour or maize flour products fortified with iron plus other vitamins and minerals vs unfortified maize flours or maize flour products

Iron deficiency (as defined by study authors, based on a biomarker of iron status) · general population older than 2 years of age (including pregnant women), in Kenya and Mexico

It is very uncertain whether provision of maize flour or maize flour products fortified with iron… changes iron deficiency (as defined by trialists, based on a biomarker of… compared with unfortified maize flours or maize flour products (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Provision of maize flour or maize flour products fortified with iron plus other vitamins and minerals vs unfortified maize flours or maize flour products

Any adverse effects (including constipation, nausea, vomiting, heartburn or diarrhoea, as measured by trialists) · general population older than 2 years of age (including pregnant women), in Kenya and Mexico

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review