Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

42 questions · 52 findings · 18 reviews · Tobacco Addiction

No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 2 · 3.8%Very low 13 · 25%Low 13 · 25%Moderate 14 · 26.9%High 10 · 19.2%

Incentives vs no incentives

Smoking cessation in mixed populations ‐ Longest · s

Incentives leads to higher smoking cessation in mixed populations ‐ Longest compared with no incentives (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Incentives vs no incentives

Smoking cessation in pregnancy at longest · Pregnant women who smoke

Incentives probably leads to higher smoking cessation in pregnancy at longest compared with no incentives (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Biomedical risk assessment vs Control (waitlist, routine/standard oral health education, or minimal intervention)

Smoking cessation · people who smoke

Biomedical risk assessment showed no clear difference in feedback on smoking exposure Smoking cessation at longest compared with standard care or minimal intervention (moderate certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Long‐term abstinence (all randomised) Measured as self‐reported and biochemical validation at 6 to 12 months · people who smoke

The intervention probably leads to higher long‐term abstinence (all randomised) Measured as self‐reported and… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cessation interventions with a partner support component vs cessation interventions without a partner support component

Long‐term smoking abstinence (6 to 9 months) · people who smoked and were willing to be recruited to a cessation programme

Cessation interventions with a partner support component showed no clear difference in long‐term smoking abstinence (6 to 9 months) compared with cessation interventions without a partner support component (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cessation interventions with a partner support component vs cessation interventions without a partner support component

Long‐term smoking abstinence (12 months+) · people who smoked and were willing to be recruited to a cessation programme

Cessation interventions with a partner support component showed no clear difference in long‐term smoking abstinence (12 months+) compared with cessation interventions without a partner support component (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Smoking cessation at longest · Adult smokers

The intervention probably leads to higher smoking cessation at longest (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Smoking cessation at longest · Adult smokers

The intervention probably leads to higher smoking cessation at longest (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Smoking cessation at longest · Adult smokers

The intervention showed no clear difference in smoking cessation at longest (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Counselling vs minimal contact control

Smoking cessation · people who smoke

Individual counselling leads to higher smoking cessation at longest compared with minimal contact control (high certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Smoking uptake at longest · Children and adolescents aged 5 ‐ 18 years who were non‐smokers at baseline

The intervention showed no clear difference in smoking uptake at longest (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Smoking uptake at longest · Children and adolescents aged 5 ‐ 18 years who were non‐smokers at baseline

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes smoking uptake at longest (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Long‐term change in health status · Smokers who cannot or do not want to quit smoking
1 finding from 1 review