Imiquimod showed no clear difference in short‐term clinical cure (up to 3 months after start of treatment)… compared with vehicle (moderate certainty).
Imiquimod showed no clear difference in medium‐term clinical cure (after 3 months and up to 6 months after… compared with vehicle (moderate certainty).
Imiquimod showed no clear difference in long‐term clinical cure (beyond 6 months after start of treatment)… compared with vehicle (moderate certainty).
Imiquimod showed no clear difference in short‐term clinical improvement (up to 3 months after start of… compared with vehicle (high certainty).
Imiquimod showed no clear difference in any adverse effect compared with vehicle (high certainty).
Imiquimod probably leads to higher application site reactions compared with vehicle (moderate certainty).
Imiquimod probably leads to higher severe application site reactions compared with vehicle (moderate certainty).
Imiquimod cream probably leads to lower recurrence at 3 years compared with MAL‐PDT (moderate certainty).
Imiquimod cream showed no clear difference in cosmetic outcome (excellent/good) compared with MAL‐PDT (moderate certainty).
Imiquimod cream probably leads to lower pain (moderate/severe) compared with MAL‐PDT (moderate certainty).
Imiquimod cream showed no clear difference in early treatment failure compared with MAL‐PDT (moderate certainty).
Imiquimod 5% cream with tazarotene 0.1% gel showed no clear difference in primary outcome: Histological complete response (intention‐to‐treat)… compared with imiquimod 5% cream alone (low certainty).
Imiquimod 5% cream with tazarotene 0.1% gel showed no clear difference in secondary outcome: Discontinuation of treatment because of harms… compared with imiquimod 5% cream alone (low certainty).
Imiquimod 5% cream with tazarotene 0.1% gel may leads to higher secondary outcome: Inflammatory response (number of lesions with… compared with imiquimod 5% cream alone (low certainty).
Summary of findings for imiquimod leads to higher response to treatment at 5 to 6 months ‐ overall response compared with placebo (high certainty).
Summary of findings for imiquimod showed no clear difference in response to treatment at 6 months ‐ complete response compared with cidofovir (moderate certainty).
Summary of findings for imiquimod showed no clear difference in pain ‐ any grade compared with cidofovir (moderate certainty).
Summary of findings for imiquimod probably leads to higher fatigue ‐ any grade compared with cidofovir (moderate certainty).
Summary of findings for imiquimod probably leads to higher headache ‐ any grade compared with cidofovir (moderate certainty).