Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

85 questions · 85 findings · 13 reviews · Airways

No studies found 10 · 11.8%GRADE not reported 4 · 4.7%Very low 11 · 12.9%Low 25 · 29.4%Moderate 30 · 35.3%High 5 · 5.9%

Alteplase vs urokinase

Overall treatment failure, including mortality, thoracic surgery or referral for further fibrinolytic therapy · adult parapneumonic effusions and empyema

Alteplase showed no clear difference in overall treatment failure, including mortality, thoracic surgery or… compared with urokinase (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Streptokinase vs urokinase

Overall treatment failure, including mortality, thoracic surgery or referral for further fibrinolytic therapy · adult parapneumonic effusions and empyema

Streptokinase showed no clear difference in overall treatment failure, including mortality, thoracic surgery or… compared with urokinase (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoroquinolones vs amoxicillin

Response rate ‐ treatment failure · adults aged 18 years and above with diagnosis of non‐cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis

Fluoroquinolones may leads to lower response rate ‐ treatment failure compared with amoxicillin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoroquinolones vs amoxicillin

Response rate ‐ microbiological response · adults aged 18 years and above with diagnosis of non‐cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis

Fluoroquinolones may leads to higher response rate ‐ microbiological response compared with amoxicillin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoroquinolones vs amoxicillin

Response rate ‐ improvement in sputum purulence (excellent) · adults aged 18 years and above with diagnosis of non‐cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis

It is very uncertain whether fluoroquinolones changes response rate ‐ improvement in sputum purulence (excellent) compared with amoxicillin (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) vs phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors

Minor adverse events · erectile dysfunction in men with obstructive sleep apnoea

It is very uncertain whether continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) changes minor adverse events compared with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mepolizumab 100 mg vs placebo

Rate of moderate or severe exacerbations Eosinophilic phenotype · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Mepolizumab 100 mg leads to lower rate of moderate or severe exacerbations Eosinophilic phenotype compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mepolizumab 300 mg vs placebo

Rate of moderate or severe exacerbations Eosinophilic phenotype · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Mepolizumab 300 mg showed no clear difference in rate of moderate or severe exacerbations Eosinophilic phenotype compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mepolizumab 300 mg vs placebo

Time to first moderate or severe exacerbation Eosinophilic phenotype · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Mepolizumab 300 mg probably leads to lower time to first moderate or severe exacerbation Eosinophilic phenotype compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mepolizumab 300 mg vs placebo

Rate of exacerbations with ED visit or hospitalisations Eosinophilic phenotype · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Mepolizumab 300 mg showed no clear difference in rate of exacerbations with ED visit or hospitalisations Eosinophilic… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review