Mortality (all‐cause) · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and > 10 pack years smoking history
It is very uncertain whether tiotropium changes mortality (all‐cause) compared with long‐acting beta‐agonists (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cost‐effectiveness · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and > 10 pack years smoking history
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
6 participants
Low
Hospital admissions · patients with acute asthma
IV + inhaled beta agonist showed no clear difference in admissions to hospital compared with inhaled beta‐agonist (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Healthcare use: length of stay in the emergency department · patients with acute asthma
IV + inhaled beta agonist showed no clear difference in length of stay in emergency department compared with inhaled beta‐agonist (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pulse rate at 2 hours · patients with acute asthma
IV + inhaled beta agonist showed no clear difference in pulse rate at 2 hours compared with inhaled beta‐agonist (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical Failure (children with a severe to moderate overall clinical assessment score at two hours) · patients with acute asthma
IV + inhaled beta agonist probably leads to lower clinical Failure (children with a severe to moderate overall… compared with inhaled beta‐agonist (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hospital admissions · Adults with acute asthma
Combination inhaled therapy probably leads to lower hospitalisation compared with SABA alone (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Total adverse events · Adults with acute asthma
Combination inhaled therapy probably leads to higher total adverse events compared with SABA alone (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
FEV1 · Adults with acute asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Percent change FEV₁(%) · Adults with acute asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Health outcomes Peak expiratory flow readings (higher readings indicate better peak flow) · Adults with acute asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Change in PEF · Adults with acute asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Relapse · Adults with acute asthma
Combination inhaled therapy probably leads to lower relapse rates compared with SABA alone (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hospital admissions · children with acute asthma
Multiple treatment of beta₂‐agonist via spacer (chamber) showed no clear difference in hospital admission compared with nebuliser (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Tremor · Adults with acute asthma
Multiple treatment of beta₂‐agonist via spacer (chamber) showed no clear difference in number of participants developing tremor compared with nebuliser (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Duration in emergency department (minutes) · children with acute asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Final rise in FEV₁ (% predicted) · children with acute asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Rise in pulse rate (% baseline) · children with acute asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Tremor · children with acute asthma
Multiple treatment of beta₂‐agonist via spacer (chamber) probably leads to lower number of participants developing tremor compared with nebuliser (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hospital admissions · Adults with acute asthma
Multiple treatment of beta₂‐agonist via spacer (chamber) showed no clear difference in hospital admission compared with nebuliser (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review