Early all‐cause mortality (≤ 3 months) Reported at: 28 days; 60 days; and during hospital stay · adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome
Beta‐agonist showed no clear difference in early all‐cause mortality (≤ 3 months) Reported at: 28 days; 60… compared with control (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Late all‐cause mortality ( > 3 months · adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Duration of mechanical ventilation · adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Ventilator‐free days up to day 28 · adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome
1 finding from 1 review
Discontinuation of medication due to adverse events · adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome
1 finding from 1 review
Fitness to return to work at 12 months · adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Length of hospital stay · patients with acute asthma
1 finding from 1 review
PEF (L/min) · patients with acute asthma
1 finding from 1 review
FEV1 (L) · patients with acute asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Heart rate · patients with acute asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical failure4 · patients with acute asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Exacerbations (number of people experiencing ≥ 1 exacerbations) · stable COPD
Long‐acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) plus long‐acting… showed no clear difference in exacerbations (number of people experiencing ≥ 1 exacerbations) compared with LABA plus inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of participants experiencing any serious adverse events · stable COPD
Long‐acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) plus long‐acting… showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (number of people experiencing ≥ 1 SAEs) compared with LABA plus inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Change in SGRQ total score · stable COPD
Long‐acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) plus long‐acting… showed no clear difference in quality of life as measured by SGRQ total score change from baseline… compared with LABA plus inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Change in baseline trough FEV1 · stable COPD
Long‐acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) plus long‐acting… probably leads to higher trough FEV1 change from baseline compared with LABA plus inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pneumonia · stable COPD
Long‐acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) plus long‐acting… leads to lower pneumonia compared with LABA plus inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause death · stable COPD
Long‐acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) plus long‐acting… probably leads to higher all‐cause death compared with LABA plus inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
SGRQ total score change from baseline (≥ 4 points, MCID) · stable COPD
Long‐acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) plus long‐acting… showed no clear difference in SGRQ total score change from baseline (≥ 4 points, MCID) compared with LABA plus inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
SGRQ Total SGRQ (Total) Score. Scale from: 0 to 100. Lower score indicates better quality of life. · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and > 10 pack years smoking history
1 finding from 1 review
Hospitalisations, number of participants with 1 or more exacerbations · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and > 10 pack years smoking history
Tiotropium probably leads to lower patients with 1 or more exacerbations compared with long‐acting beta‐agonists (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review