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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,000 questions in 69 reviews · Urology
current versionsNo studies 196 · 19.6%Ungraded 33 · 3.3%Very low 198 · 19.8%Low 354 · 35.4%Moderate 206 · 20.6%High 13 · 1.3%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Desmopressin plus alpha‐blocker vs alpha‐blocker plus anticholinergic Time to first void ‐ not reported Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Desmopressin plus alpha‐blocker vs alpha‐blocker plus anticholinergic Minor adverse events Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.22 [0.05, 0.98] | 1 study · 427 participants | Low |
Desmopressin plus alpha‐blocker vs alpha‐blocker plus anticholinergic Treatment withdrawal due to adverse event Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.22 [0.05, 0.98] | 1 study · 427 participants | Low |
Desmopressin vs placebo Time to first void Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 383 participants | Low |
Desmopressin vs placebo Minor adverse event Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.87 [0.67, 1.13] | 3 studies · 594 participants | Low |
Desmopressin vs placebo Treatment withdrawal due to adverse event Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.1 [0.56, 2.15] | 4 studies · 614 participants | Low |
Desmopressin vs placebo Number of nocturnal voids Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 115 participants | Low |
Desmopressin vs placebo Quality of life ‐ not reported Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Alvimopan vs placebo Time‐to‐tolerance of a solid diet and documented bowel movements Alvimopan for recovery of bowel function after radical cystectomy (2017) · Cochrane | HR 1.77 [1.41, 2.23] | 1 study · 277 participants | Moderate |
Alvimopan vs placebo Time‐to‐hospital discharge Alvimopan for recovery of bowel function after radical cystectomy (2017) · Cochrane | HR 1.67 [1.38, 2.01] | 1 study · 277 participants | Moderate |
Alvimopan vs placebo Major adverse events Alvimopan for recovery of bowel function after radical cystectomy (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.28 [0.18, 0.44] | 1 study · 277 participants | Moderate |
Alvimopan vs placebo Readmission Alvimopan for recovery of bowel function after radical cystectomy (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.89 [0.59, 1.33] | 1 study · 277 participants | Moderate |
Alvimopan vs placebo Any cardiovascular event Alvimopan for recovery of bowel function after radical cystectomy (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.54 [0.27, 1.05] | 1 study · 277 participants | Moderate |
Intravesically administered BCG combined with IFN‐α vs intravesically administered BCG alone Recurrence · patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer Intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin with interferon‐alpha versus intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin for… (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.76 [0.44, 1.32] | 4 studies · 925 participants | Very low |
Intravesically administered BCG alternating with IFN‐α vs intravesically administered BCG alone Disease‐specific quality of life ‐ not measured · patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer Intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin with interferon‐alpha versus intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin for… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intravesically administered BCG combined with IFN‐α vs intravesically administered BCG alone Progression · patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer Intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin with interferon‐alpha versus intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin for… (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.26 [0.04, 1.87] | 2 studies · 219 participants | Low |
Intravesically administered BCG combined with IFN‐α vs intravesically administered BCG alone Discontinuation of therapy due to adverse events ‐ not measured · patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer Intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin with interferon‐alpha versus intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin for… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intravesically administered BCG combined with IFN‐α vs intravesically administered BCG alone Disease‐specific mortality · patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer Intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin with interferon‐alpha versus intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin for… (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.38 [0.05, 3.05] | 1 study · 99 participants | Very low |
Intravesically administered BCG combined with IFN‐α vs intravesically administered BCG alone Disease‐specific quality of life ‐ not measured · patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer Intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin with interferon‐alpha versus intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin for… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intravesically administered BCG alternating with IFN‐α vs intravesically administered BCG alone Time‐to‐recurrence · patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer Intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin with interferon‐alpha versus intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin for… (2017) · Cochrane | HR 2.86 [1.98, 4.13] | 1 study · 205 participants | Low |
Intravesically administered BCG alternating with IFN‐α vs intravesically administered BCG alone Time‐to‐progression · patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer Intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin with interferon‐alpha versus intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin for… (2017) · Cochrane | HR 2.39 [0.92, 6.21] | 1 study · 205 participants | Low |
Intravesically administered BCG alternating with IFN‐α vs intravesically administered BCG alone Discontinuation of therapy due to adverse events · patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer Intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin with interferon‐alpha versus intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin for… (2017) · Cochrane | RR 2.97 [0.31, 28.09] | 1 study · 205 participants | Low |
Intravesically administered BCG alternating with IFN‐α vs intravesically administered BCG alone Disease‐specific mortality · patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer Intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin with interferon‐alpha versus intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin for… (2017) · Cochrane | HR 2.74 [0.73, 10.28] | 1 study · 205 participants | Low |
Silodosin vs placebo Urologic symptom scores Silodosin for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 1743 participants | Low |
Silodosin vs tamsulosin Sexual adverse events Silodosin for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2017) · Cochrane | RR 6.05 [3.55, 10.31] | 10 studies · 1849 participants | Moderate |
Silodosin vs naftopidil Urologic symptom scores Silodosin for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 652 participants | Low |
Silodosin vs naftopidil QoL Silodosin for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 652 participants | Low |
Silodosin vs naftopidil Treatment withdrawal due to any reason Silodosin for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.25 [0.81, 1.93] | 4 studies · 659 participants | Low |
Silodosin vs naftopidil Cardiovascular adverse events Silodosin for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.02 [0.41, 2.56] | 5 studies · 808 participants | Low |
Silodosin vs naftopidil Sexual adverse events Silodosin for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2017) · Cochrane | RR 5.93 [2.16, 16.29] | 4 studies · 405 participants | Moderate |
Silodosin vs alfuzosin Urologic symptom scores Silodosin for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Low |
Silodosin vs alfuzosin QoL Silodosin for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Moderate |
Silodosin vs alfuzosin Treatment withdrawal due to any reason Silodosin for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Low |
Silodosin vs alfuzosin Cardiovascular adverse events Silodosin for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.67 [0.36, 1.24] | 1 study · 60 participants | Low |
Silodosin vs placebo QoL Silodosin for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 820 participants | Moderate |
Silodosin vs alfuzosin Sexual adverse events Silodosin for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2017) · Cochrane | RR 37.21 [5.32, 260.07] | 1 study · 95 participants | Moderate |
Silodosin vs placebo Treatment withdrawal due to any reason Silodosin for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.08 [0.7, 1.66] | 3 studies · 1703 participants | Low |
Silodosin vs placebo Cardiovascular adverse events Silodosin for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.28 [0.67, 2.45] | 4 studies · 1967 participants | Very low |
Silodosin vs placebo Sexual adverse events Silodosin for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2017) · Cochrane | RR 26.07 [12.36, 54.97] | 4 studies · 1967 participants | Moderate |
Silodosin vs tamsulosin Urologic symptom scores Silodosin for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 10 studies · 1708 participants | Low |
Silodosin vs tamsulosin QoL Silodosin for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 10 studies · 1707 participants | Low |
Silodosin vs tamsulosin Treatment withdrawal due to any reason Silodosin for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.02 [0.62, 1.69] | 10 studies · 1573 participants | Very low |
Silodosin vs tamsulosin Cardiovascular adverse events Silodosin for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.77 [0.53, 1.12] | 11 studies · 1955 participants | Low |
Surgical vs non‐surgical management Split renal function (SRF; · newborns and infants < 2 years of age with unilateral ureteric‐pelvic junction obstruction Surgery versus non‐surgical management for unilateral ureteric‐pelvic junction obstruction in newborns and… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 17 participants | Very low |
Surgical vs non‐surgical management Drainage pattern ( · newborns and infants < 2 years of age with unilateral ureteric‐pelvic junction obstruction Surgery versus non‐surgical management for unilateral ureteric‐pelvic junction obstruction in newborns and… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 57 participants | Very low |
Surgical vs non‐surgical management Upper urinary tract dilatation ( · newborns and infants < 2 years of age with unilateral ureteric‐pelvic junction obstruction Surgery versus non‐surgical management for unilateral ureteric‐pelvic junction obstruction in newborns and… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 15 participants | Very low |
Surgical vs non‐surgical management UPJO‐associated clinical symptoms · newborns and infants < 2 years of age with unilateral ureteric‐pelvic junction obstruction Surgery versus non‐surgical management for unilateral ureteric‐pelvic junction obstruction in newborns and… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Non‐steroidal antiandrogen monotherapy vs LHRH agonists or surgical castration monotherapy Overall survival · men with advanced prostate cancer Non‐steroidal antiandrogen monotherapy compared with luteinising hormone–releasing hormone agonists or… (2014) · Cochrane | HR 1.24 [1.05, 1.48] | 6 studies · 2712 participants | Moderate |
Non‐steroidal antiandrogen monotherapy vs LHRH agonists or surgical castration monotherapy Clinical progression · men with advanced prostate cancer Non‐steroidal antiandrogen monotherapy compared with luteinising hormone–releasing hormone agonists or… (2014) · Cochrane | RR 1.26 [1.08, 1.45] | 6 studies · 2373 participants | Moderate |
Non‐steroidal antiandrogen monotherapy vs LHRH agonists or surgical castration monotherapy Treatment failure · men with advanced prostate cancer Non‐steroidal antiandrogen monotherapy compared with luteinising hormone–releasing hormone agonists or… (2014) · Cochrane | RR 1.27 [1.05, 1.52] | 5 studies · 1845 participants | Moderate |