Clinical relapse · Patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis
It is very uncertain whether probiotic + 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine) changes clinical relapse (12 to 52 weeks) compared with 5‐ASA (mesalazine) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Maintenance of clinical remission · Patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis
Probiotic + 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine) showed no clear difference in maintenance of clinical remission (24 to 52 weeks) compared with 5‐ASA (mesalazine) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Serious adverse events · Patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Withdrawals due to adverse events · Patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis
It is very uncertain whether probiotic + 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine) changes withdrawal due to adverse events (12 to 52 weeks) compared with 5‐ASA (mesalazine) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Need for extra treatment · Patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Health‐related quality of life · Patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Incidence of AAD · Children receiving antibiotic treatment between 4 and 28 days duration for a variety of infections
The intervention probably leads to lower incidence of AAD (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Adverse events · Children receiving antibiotic treatment between 4 and 28 days duration for a variety of infections
The intervention showed no clear difference in adverse events (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Duration of diarrhea (days) · Children receiving antibiotic treatment between 4 and 28 days duration for a variety of infections
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Microbiome characteristics · Children receiving antibiotic treatment between 4 and 28 days duration for a variety of infections
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of children with AOM (overall) · children up to age 18 years
Probiotic probably leads to lower proportion of children with AOM (overall) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of children with AOM: children not prone to AOM · children up to age 18 years
Probiotic probably leads to lower proportion of children with AOM: children not prone to AOM compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of children with AOM: children prone to AOM · children up to age 18 years
Probiotic showed no clear difference in proportion of children with AOM: children prone to AOM compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Severity of AOM · children up to age 18 years
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse events · children up to age 18 years
Probiotic showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Time off school for child · children up to age 18 years
1 finding from 1 review
Difference in the use of antibiotics · children up to age 18 years
Probiotic probably leads to lower difference in the use of antibiotics compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Difference in proportion of children with other infections · children up to age 18 years
Probiotic probably leads to lower difference in proportion of children with other infections compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Primary outcome 1: participant‐ or parent‐rated symptoms of eczema (SCORAD part C) at the end of active treatment Visual analogue scale for itch and sleep disturbance ranging from 0 to 10 for each symptom and combined ranging from 0 to 20. The hig... · male and female patients 0 to 55 years of age with physician‐diagnosed eczema
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Primary outcome 1: participant‐ or parent‐rated global change in eczema symptoms at the end of active treatment (binary outcome) Change in risk for worsened/unchanged eczema Duration of · male and female patients 0 to 55 years of age with physician‐diagnosed eczema
The intervention showed no clear difference in primary outcome 1: participant‐ or parent‐rated global change in… (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review