Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,710 questions · 14,842 findings · 1,394 reviews

No studies found 2,880 · 19.4%GRADE not reported 1,413 · 9.5%Very low 3,103 · 20.9%Low 3,870 · 26.1%Moderate 2,663 · 17.9%High 913 · 6.2%

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Antibiotics vs placebo compared

Clinical cure · children, aged 2 to 59 months, with WHO‐defined non‐severe pneumonia and wheeze

Antibiotic therapy showed no clear difference in clinical cure (symptomatic and clinical recovery by the end of… compared with placebo compared to placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo compared

Treatment failure (development of more severe signs and symptoms by the end of treatment) · children, aged 2 to 59 months, with WHO‐defined non‐severe pneumonia and wheeze

Antibiotic therapy may leads to lower treatment failure (development of more severe signs and symptoms by… compared with placebo compared to placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo compared

Relapse · children, aged 2 to 59 months, with WHO‐defined non‐severe pneumonia and wheeze

Antibiotic therapy showed no clear difference in relapse (children who were 'cured' but developed symptoms within… compared with placebo compared to placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo compared

Adverse effects of antibiotics · children, aged 2 to 59 months, with WHO‐defined non‐severe pneumonia and wheeze

Antibiotic therapy showed no clear difference in treatment harms (adverse events or side effects associated with… compared with placebo compared to placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotics vs placebo

Diagnosis of gestational diabetes · preventing gestational diabetes

Probiotics showed no clear difference in diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotics vs placebo

Mortality or morbidity composite · preventing gestational diabetes

Probiotics showed no clear difference in mortality or morbidity composite compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotics vs placebo

Hypoglycaemia · preventing gestational diabetes

Probiotics showed no clear difference in hypoglycaemia as defined by trialists compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotics vs placebo

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: pre‐eclampsia · preventing gestational diabetes

Probiotics leads to higher hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (pre‐eclampsia) compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review