Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,411 questions · 5,986 findings · 226 reviews · Oral Health

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No studies found 1,305 · 21.8%GRADE not reported 2,988 · 49.9%Very low 1,030 · 17.2%Low 476 · 8%Moderate 156 · 2.6%High 31 · 0.5%

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Turned (smoother) implant surfaces vs Roughened implant surfaces

Peri-implantitis · Adults with missing teeth who received osseointegrated root-formed oral implants, functionally loaded and followed for at least 1 year

Turned (smoother) implant surfaces may leads to lower peri-implantitis compared with roughened implant surfaces (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for replacing missing teeth: different types of dental implants 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
3 years · turned vs roughened surfaces
RR 0.80 [0.67, 0.96]
4 studies · 144 participants
Low

One active intervention (surgical, medical, or psychological) vs A different active intervention (direct head-to-head comparison)

Outcome not reported · Patients of any age in any setting requiring intervention for iatrogenic injury to the inferior alveolar or lingual nerve

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for iatrogenic inferior alveolar and lingual nerve injury 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
Discussion: 'There is also a lack of trials directly comparing these methods ...'. No eligible RCT directly comparing different active interventions.
0 studies
No studies found

Interferon-alpha 1000 IU lozenges (topical) vs Interferon-alpha 2000 IU lozenges (topical)

Total ulcer burden · People with Behcet's disease with a history of recurrent oral aphthous-type (RAS-type) ulcers diagnosed clinically; primary care

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing oral ulcers in Behçet's disease 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
Interferon-alpha dose comparison
Kilic 2009 (interferon-alpha 1000 IU vs 2000 IU lozenges, 84 patients): the data presented did not allow analysis; authors reported no statistically significant difference in total ulcer burden between the two doses.
1 study · 84 participants
GRADE not reported

NobelReplace Select Tapered implants vs NobelReplace implants

Marginal bone level change · Adults with missing teeth who received osseointegrated root-formed oral implants, functionally loaded and followed for at least 1 year

NobelReplace Select Tapered implants showed no clear difference in marginal bone level change compared with nobelReplace Groovy implants; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for replacing missing teeth: different types of dental implants 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
1 year
MD 0.29 [-0.06, 0.64]
1 study · 62 participants
GRADE not reported

Surgical anchorage (mini-screw or mid-palatal implant) vs Conventional anchorage (headgear, transpalatal/palatal arch, etc.)

Residual overjet at the end of treatment · Patients of any age undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and requiring anchorage (adolescents to adults up to 48-54 years)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Reinforcement of anchorage during orthodontic brace treatment with implants or other surgical methods 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
No studies reported on residual overjet at the end of treatment
0 studies
No studies found

Rotary instruments to open the lateral sinus window vs Piezosurgery to open the lateral sinus window

Augmentation procedure failure · Patients undergoing lateral-window maxillary sinus lift

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for replacing missing teeth: augmentation procedures of the maxillary sinus 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
1 year after loading
Rickert 2013 (N = 36): no augmentation procedure failures.
1 study · 36 participants
GRADE not reported

Repelling-magnet splints vs Bite-blocks

Side effects / adverse effects (unilateral crossbite; transverse problems) · Children and adolescents (over 80% aged 16 years or younger at treatment start) with anterior open bite (lack of vertical overlap or…

1 finding from 1 review

Orthodontic and orthopaedic treatment for anterior open bite in children 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
About 4 months (treatment interrupted early)
"After 4 months the open bite was observed to close in the magnet group, but in four out of these ten patients, transverse problems were observed (unilateral crossbite) which led to the interruption of the treatment…
1 study · 10 participants
GRADE not reported

Thalidomide (systemic; 100 mg or 300 mg daily) vs placebo

Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with Behcet's disease with a history of recurrent oral aphthous-type (RAS-type) ulcers diagnosed clinically; primary care

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing oral ulcers in Behçet's disease 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
Males only
Hamuryudan 1998: significant adverse effects including severe sedation, polyneuropathy, loss of libido, and weight gain; a greater number of adverse events was seen for the higher (300 mg) dose; 4 patients withdrew due…
1 study · 101 participants
GRADE not reported

Repair of a defective resin composite restoration in a permanent molar or premolar tooth (with resin composite) vs Replacement of a defective resin composite restoration in a permanent molar or premolar tooth (with resin composite)

Further restoration required (repair, restoration, placement of crown/inlay, root filling) · Adults (16 years or over) with one or more defective resin composite restoration(s) in a molar or premolar tooth/teeth

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Replacement versus repair of defective restorations in adults: resin composite 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
Medium term (less than 5 years) or long term (5 years and above)
No randomised controlled trials were found
0 studies
No studies found

Repair of a defective amalgam restoration in a permanent molar or premolar tooth (with amalgam) vs Replacement of a defective amalgam restoration in a permanent molar or premolar tooth (with amalgam)

Success or failure of restoration (as defined by the USPHS criteria) · Adults (16 years or over) with one or more defective amalgam restoration(s) in a molar or premolar tooth/teeth

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Replacement versus repair of defective restorations in adults: amalgam 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
Medium term (less than 5 years) or long term (5 years and above)
No randomised controlled trials were found
0 studies
No studies found

One-stage augmentation (implants placed simultaneously) vs Two-stage augmentation (delayed implant placement)

Implant failure · Patients with insufficient bone below the maxillary sinus requiring dental implants

One-stage augmentation (implants placed simultaneously) showed no clear difference in implant failure compared with two-stage augmentation (delayed implant placement); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for replacing missing teeth: augmentation procedures of the maxillary sinus 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
1 year after loading (before loading)
OR 3.48 [0.34, 35.61]
1 study · 58 participants
GRADE not reported

NobelActive external connection implants vs NobelReplace implants

Marginal bone level change · Adults with missing teeth who received osseointegrated root-formed oral implants, functionally loaded and followed for at least 1 year

NobelActive external connection implants showed no clear difference in marginal bone level change compared with nobelReplace implants; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for replacing missing teeth: different types of dental implants 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
1 year
MD 0.00 [-0.41, 0.41]
1 study · 88 participants
GRADE not reported

Powered toothbrush (any mode of action) vs Manual toothbrush

Adverse events (soft tissue trauma) · Individuals of any age with no reported disability that might affect toothbrushing (including people wearing orthodontic appliances)

1 finding from 1 review

Powered versus manual toothbrushing for oral health 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
SoF 'Adverse events' row (narrative): There was no apparent relationship between the use of powered toothbrushes and soft tissue trauma. In part this finding was due to the very small number of adverse events reported…
40 studies
GRADE not reported

Surgical anchorage (mini-screw or mid-palatal implant) vs Conventional anchorage (headgear, transpalatal/palatal arch, etc.)

Patient discomfort · Patients of any age undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and requiring anchorage (adolescents to adults up to 48-54 years)

1 finding from 1 review

Reinforcement of anchorage during orthodontic brace treatment with implants or other surgical methods 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
Reported narratively in 2 studies (Chesterfield 2007, 47 patients; Feldmann 2007, 113 patients) on a VAS 0-100; discomfort most severe the evening after surgery (Nobel-Biocare onplant median 33, IQR 0-96) and after…
2 studies · 160 participants
GRADE not reported

Infiltration injection LA and intraligamental injection LA (3-arm) vs no treatment

Lip or cheek biting, numbness or allergy · Children and young people aged 17 years or younger having dental treatment (including extractions) under general anaesthesia (secondary…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intraoperative local anaesthesia for reduction of postoperative pain following general anaesthesia for dental… 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
The study did not report on lip or cheek biting
0 studies
No studies found

Frankel's function regulator-4 (FR-4) with lip-seal training vs no treatment

Position of the incisors (upper incisor inclination) · Children and adolescents (over 80% aged 16 years or younger at treatment start) with anterior open bite (lack of vertical overlap or…

1 finding from 1 review

Orthodontic and orthopaedic treatment for anterior open bite in children 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
End of treatment (about 2 years)
The angulation of the upper incisors with the palatal plane (1/ANSPNS) decreased on average 0.3 (SD 4.6) degrees in the control group, whereas in the treated group the mean retrusion was 4 (SD 4.6) degrees, P < 0.01.…
1 study
GRADE not reported

Osteotomes with mallet (Summers' technique) vs Rotary instruments (Cosci technique)

Complications · Patients undergoing crestal maxillary sinus lift

Osteotomes with mallet (Summers' technique) showed no clear difference in complications compared with rotary instruments (Cosci technique); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for replacing missing teeth: augmentation procedures of the maxillary sinus 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
3 years after loading
OR 7.86 [0.75, 82.13]
1 study · 12 participants
GRADE not reported

Systemic interventions (aciclovir, thalidomide, corticosteroids, rebamipide, etanercept, colchicine, interferon-alpha) vs placebo

Episode frequency associated with oral ulcers · People with Behcet's disease with a history of recurrent oral aphthous-type (RAS-type) ulcers diagnosed clinically; primary care

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing oral ulcers in Behçet's disease 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
SoF 2 (systemic interventions vs placebo), grouped comment spanning all four listed outcomes (verbatim; the review's wording "topical" is a typo for systemic): "8 placebo-controlled trials evaluated topical…
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported

Frankel's function regulator-4 (FR-4) with lip-seal training vs no treatment

Alteration of hyperdivergent growth pattern · Children and adolescents (over 80% aged 16 years or younger at treatment start) with anterior open bite (lack of vertical overlap or…

1 finding from 1 review

Orthodontic and orthopaedic treatment for anterior open bite in children 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
End of treatment (about 2 years)
Multiple cephalometric measures reported (Erbay 1995). Treated group: total anterior facial height (N-Me) +3.9 (SD 1.8) mm, upper anterior facial height (N-ANS) +3.3 (SD 1.2) mm; controls showed significantly greater…
1 study
GRADE not reported

Intraligamental injection local anaesthetic vs no treatment

Postoperative pain · Children and young people aged 17 years or younger having dental treatment (including extractions) under general anaesthesia (secondary…

1 finding from 1 review

Intraoperative local anaesthesia for reduction of postoperative pain following general anaesthesia for dental… 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
On regaining consciousness, up to 1 hour (1 study to 48 hours)
Because of substantial clinical and methodological heterogeneity in the studies, we were unable to determine an estimate of effect
2 studies · 115 participants
Very low