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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

383 questions · 414 findings · 46 reviews · Hypertension

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No studies found 15 · 3.6%GRADE not reported 31 · 7.5%Very low 80 · 19.3%Low 148 · 35.7%Moderate 116 · 28%High 24 · 5.8%

Lower blood pressure targets vs standard blood pressure targets

Total serious adverse events · cardiovascular disease with high blood pressure

Lower blood pressure targets showed no clear difference in total serious adverse events compared with standard blood pressure targets (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lower blood pressure targets vs standard blood pressure targets

Cardiovascular mortality · cardiovascular disease with high blood pressure

Lower blood pressure targets showed no clear difference in cardiovascular mortality compared with standard blood pressure targets (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lower blood pressure targets vs standard blood pressure targets

Withdrawals due to adverse events · cardiovascular disease with high blood pressure

It is very uncertain whether lower blood pressure targets changes participant withdrawals due to adverse effects compared with standard blood pressure targets (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Overall mortality · alcohol consumers with high blood pressure

The intervention showed no clear difference in overall mortality (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Cardiovascular events · alcohol consumers with high blood pressure

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes cardiovascular events (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Decrease in systolic blood pressure (mmHg) · alcohol consumers with high blood pressure
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Decrease in diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) · alcohol consumers with high blood pressure
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Decrease in alcohol intake (g) · alcohol consumers with high blood pressure
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Proportion of subjects with SBP < 140 mmHg and DBP < 90 mmHg · alcohol consumers with high blood pressure

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes proportion of subjects with SBP < 140 mmHg and DBP < 90 mmHg (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Beta‐blockers vs placebo

Total mortality

Beta‐blockers showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Beta‐blockers vs diuretics

Withdrawals due to adverse events

Beta‐blockers showed no clear difference in withdrawal due to adverse effect compared with diuretics (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Beta‐blockers vs placebo

Total cardiovascular disease

Beta‐blockers may leads to lower total cardiovascular disease compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review