Cochrane · systematic review · CD002003
Beta‐blockers for hypertension
Wiysonge, CS, Bradley, HA, Volmink, J, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2017 · Cochrane Library
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
20
current version
GRADE rated
20
No studies
0
Included studies
NR
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 9 · 45%Moderate 11 · 55%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Show all 3 versionsBeta‐blockers versus placebo as first‐line therapy for hypertension
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Total mortality Beta‐blockers vs placebo | RR 0.99 [0.88, 1.11] | 4 studies · 23613 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Total cardiovascular disease Beta‐blockers vs placebo | RR 0.88 [0.79, 0.97] | 4 studies · 23613 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Total stroke Beta‐blockers vs placebo | RR 0.8 [0.66, 0.96] | 4 studies · 23613 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Total coronary heart disease Beta‐blockers vs placebo | RR 0.93 [0.81, 1.07] | 4 studies · 23613 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Withdrawal due to adverse effect Beta‐blockers vs placebo | RR 3.38 [0.82, 13.95] | 3 studies · 22729 participants | Low Downgraded: inconsistency |
Beta‐blockers compared to diuretics as first‐line therapy for hypertension
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Total mortality Beta‐blockers vs diuretics | RR 1.04 [0.91, 1.19] | 5 studies · 18241 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Total cardiovascular disease Beta‐blockers vs diuretics | RR 1.13 [0.99, 1.28] | 4 studies · 18135 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Total stroke Beta‐blockers vs diuretics | RR 1.17 [0.65, 2.09] | 4 studies · 18135 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Total coronary heart disease Beta‐blockers vs diuretics | RR 1.12 [0.82, 1.54] | 4 studies · 18135 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Withdrawal due to adverse effect Beta‐blockers vs diuretics | RR 1.69 [0.95, 3] | 3 studies · 11566 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Beta‐blockers compared to calcium‐channel blockers as first‐line therapy for hypertension
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Total mortality Beta‐blockers vs calcium‐channel blockers | RR 1.07 [1, 1.14] | 4 studies · 44825 participants | Moderate |
Total cardiovascular disease Beta‐blockers vs calcium‐channel blockers | RR 1.18 [1.08, 1.29] | 2 studies · 19915 participants | Moderate Downgraded: inconsistency |
Total stroke Beta‐blockers vs calcium‐channel blockers | RR 1.24 [1.11, 1.4] | 3 studies · 44167 participants | Moderate Downgraded: inconsistency |
Total coronary heart disease Beta‐blockers vs calcium‐channel blockers | RR 1.05 [0.96, 1.15] | 3 studies · 44167 participants | Moderate Downgraded: inconsistency |
Withdrawal due to adverse effect Beta‐blockers vs calcium‐channel blockers | RR 1.2 [0.71, 2.04] | 2 studies · 21591 participants | Low Downgraded: inconsistency |
Beta‐blockers compared to renin‐angiotensin system inhibitors as first‐line therapy for hypertension
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Total mortality Beta‐blockers vs renin‐angiotensin system inhibitors | RR 1.1 [0.98, 1.24] | 3 studies · 10828 participants | Moderate |
Total cardiovascular disease Beta‐blockers vs renin‐angiotensin system inhibitors | RR 1 [0.72, 1.38] | 3 studies · 10828 participants | Low Downgraded: inconsistency |
Total stroke Beta‐blockers vs renin‐angiotensin system inhibitors | RR 1.3 [1.11, 1.53] | 2 studies · 9951 participants | Moderate |
Total coronary heart disease Beta‐blockers vs renin‐angiotensin system inhibitors | RR 0.9 [0.76, 1.06] | 2 studies · 9951 participants | Low |
Withdrawal due to adverse effect Beta‐blockers vs renin‐angiotensin system inhibitors | RR 1.41 [1.29, 1.54] | 2 studies · 9951 participants | Moderate |