Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,890 questions · 3,917 findings · 272 reviews · All outcomes

No studies found 429 · 11%GRADE not reported 2,657 · 67.8%Very low 512 · 13.1%Low 219 · 5.6%Moderate 80 · 2%High 20 · 0.5%

Metronidazole gel 25% (local antibiotic) vs Placebo gel

Presence of dry socket · Adults (>18 years) having permanent tooth extraction (predominantly mandibular third molars)

Metronidazole gel (25%, intrasocket) showed no clear difference in presence of dry socket compared with placebo gel; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Herbal mouthrinse vs Chlorhexidine 0.2% mouthrinse

Presence of dry socket · Adults (>18 years) having permanent tooth extraction (predominantly mandibular third molars)

Herbal mouthrinse showed no clear difference in presence of dry socket compared with chlorhexidine 0.2% mouthrinse; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Good brushing habits (>=2 daily tooth brushing) vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

Good brushing habits prevalence (among children with caries) · Children with dental caries (deciduous and/or permanent dentition) in low- and middle-income countries

About 57% of children with caries in LMICs had good brushing habits (pooled prevalence 0.569, 95% CI 0.354 to 0.771; 7 studies; very high heterogeneity; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Autologous platelet‐rich plasma vs placebo or no treatment

Presence of dry socket · Adults (>18 years) having permanent tooth extraction (predominantly mandibular third molars)

It is very uncertain whether platelet rich plasma changes presence of dry socket compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine 0.2% socket irrigation (monoject syringe) vs Chlorhexidine 0.2% mouthrinse

Presence of dry socket · Adults (>18 years) having permanent tooth extraction (predominantly mandibular third molars)

Chlorhexidine 0.2% socket irrigation (monoject syringe) led to lower presence of dry socket compared with chlorhexidine 0.2% mouthrinse; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Machine-learning algorithms for dental caries detection vs Different machine-learning algorithms for caries prediction

Post-Streptococcus mutans prediction accuracy · Dental images of human beings

The review reported 99% accuracy for post-Streptococcus mutans prediction in Javed et al. (Ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Maternal education attainment vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

Secondary/higher maternal education prevalence (among children with caries) · Children with dental caries (deciduous and/or permanent dentition) in low- and middle-income countries

About 45% of children with caries in LMICs had mothers with secondary or higher education (pooled prevalence 0.450, 95% CI 0.330 to 0.572; 7 studies; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine gel (0.2%, intrasocket) vs Chlorhexidine mouthrinse

Presence of dry socket · Adults (>18 years) having permanent tooth extraction (predominantly mandibular third molars)

Chlorhexidine gel (0.2%, intrasocket) showed no clear difference in presence of dry socket compared with chlorhexidine rinse (0.12%) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tap water irrigation (monoject syringe) vs No rinsing

Presence of dry socket · Adults (>18 years) having permanent tooth extraction (predominantly mandibular third molars)

Tap water irrigation (monoject syringe) led to lower presence of dry socket compared with no rinsing; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine gel vs Chlorhexidine, 0.2% to 2% (solution or gel)

Presence of dry socket · Adults (>18 years) having permanent tooth extraction (predominantly mandibular third molars)

Chlorhexidine gel 1% showed no clear difference in presence of dry socket compared with chlorhexidine gel 0.2%; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Honey (Manuka, topical) vs Chlorhexidine rinse (0.2%)

Presence of dry socket · Adults (>18 years) having permanent tooth extraction (predominantly mandibular third molars)

Honey (Manuka, topical) showed no clear difference in presence of dry socket compared with chlorhexidine rinse (0.2%); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine gel (0.2%, intrasocket) vs placebo or no treatment

Presence of dry socket · Adults (>18 years) having permanent tooth extraction (predominantly mandibular third molars)

Chlorhexidine gel (0.2%, intrasocket) probably leads to lower presence of dry socket compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Access to dental care / health services vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

Access to/visited dental services prevalence · Children (deciduous and/or permanent dentition) in low- and middle-income countries

About 44% of children in LMICs had access to or had visited dental services (pooled prevalence 0.444, 95% CI 0.277 to 0.618; 5 studies; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Socioeconomic status category vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

Middle SES prevalence (among children with caries) · Children with dental caries (deciduous and/or permanent dentition) in low- and middle-income countries

About 35% of children with caries in LMICs were of middle SES (pooled prevalence 0.353, 95% CI 0.180 to 0.550; 7 studies; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Socioeconomic status category vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

High SES prevalence (among children with caries) · Children with dental caries (deciduous and/or permanent dentition) in low- and middle-income countries

About 25% of children with caries in LMICs were of high SES (pooled prevalence 0.245, 95% CI 0.162 to 0.339; 5 studies; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review