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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
2,395 questions in 172 reviews · Gut
current versionsNo studies 420 · 17.5%Ungraded 60 · 2.5%Very low 821 · 34.3%Low 602 · 25.1%Moderate 397 · 16.6%High 95 · 4%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Biological therapy vs placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment Any adverse events · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | RR 1.08 [1, 1.17] | 1 study · 491 participants | High |
Biological therapy vs placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment Quality of life (QoL · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 283 participants | Low |
Chemotherapy vs biological therapy Overall survival · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | HR 0.82 [0.66, 1.02] | 1 study · 395 participants | Moderate |
Chemotherapy vs biological therapy Progression‐free survival · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | HR 1.27 [1.03, 1.57] | 1 study · 395 participants | Moderate |
Chemotherapy vs biological therapy Serious adverse events · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.41 [0.3, 0.57] | 1 study · 570 participants | Low |
Chemotherapy vs biological therapy Tumour response rate · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | RR 1.17 [0.72, 1.88] | 1 study · 395 participants | Low |
Chemotherapy vs biological therapy Any adverse events · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.63 [0.56, 0.71] | 1 study · 570 participants | Moderate |
Chemmotherapy combined with biological therapy vs chemotherapy Overall survival · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | HR 0.93 [0.83, 1.04] | 7 studies · 2743 participants | Moderate |
Chemmotherapy combined with biological therapy vs chemotherapy Progression‐free survival · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | HR 0.87 [0.74, 1.02] | 7 studies · 2743 participants | Very low |
Chemmotherapy combined with biological therapy vs chemotherapy Serious adverse events · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | RR 1.17 [0.95, 1.44] | 4 studies · 1618 participants | Very low |
Chemotherapy vs placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment Progression‐free survival · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | HR 0.57 [0.47, 0.69] | 1 study · 507 participants | High |
Chemmotherapy combined with biological therapy vs chemotherapy Tumour response rate · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | RR 1.35 [0.99, 1.85] | 6 studies · 2404 participants | Very low |
Chemmotherapy combined with biological therapy vs chemotherapy Any adverse events · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | RR 1.01 [1, 1.03] | 3 studies · 1513 participants | Moderate |
Chemmotherapy combined with biological therapy vs chemotherapy Quality of life (QoL) · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | HR 0.88 [0.74, 1.04] | 2 studies · 1154 participants | Low |
Chemotherapy vs chemotherapy Overall survival (non‐taxane monotherapy vs taxane monotherapy) · advanced gastric adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | HR 1.13 [0.86, 1.48] | 1 study · 219 participants | Low |
Chemotherapy vs chemotherapy Overall survival (taxane‐containing doublet therapy vs taxane monotherapy) · advanced gastric adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | HR 1.05 [0.72, 1.54] | 2 studies · 121 participants | Low |
Chemotherapy vs chemotherapy Overall survival (non‐taxane containing therapy vs another non‐taxane containing therapy) · advanced gastric adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 107 participants | High |
Chemotherapy vs chemotherapy Progression‐free survival (non‐taxane monotherapy vs taxane monotherapy) · advanced gastric adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | HR 1.14 [0.88, 1.48] | 1 study · 219 participants | Low |
Chemotherapy vs chemotherapy Progression‐free survival (taxane‐containing doublet therapy vs taxane monotherapy) · advanced gastric adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | HR 0.75 [0.52, 1.09] | 2 studies · 121 participants | Low |
Chemotherapy vs chemotherapy Progression‐free survival (non‐taxane containing therapy vs another non‐taxane containing therapy) · advanced gastric adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 107 participants | High |
Chemotherapy vs chemotherapy Serious adverse effects · advanced gastric adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 448 participants | High |
Chemotherapy vs placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment Serious adverse events · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | RR 1.38 [1.2, 1.59] | 1 study · 503 participants | Moderate |
Chemotherapy vs chemotherapy Tumour response rate (non‐taxane monotherapy vs taxane monotherapy) · advanced gastric adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.65 [0.34, 1.26] | 1 study · 179 participants | Low |
Chemotherapy vs chemotherapy Tumour response rate (taxane‐containing doublet therapy vs taxane monotherapy) · advanced gastric adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | RR 1.47 [0.56, 3.89] | 2 studies · 121 participants | Very low |
Chemotherapy vs chemotherapy Tumour response rate (non‐taxane containing therapy vs another non‐taxane containing therapy) · advanced gastric adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.89 [0.48, 1.67] | 1 study · 107 participants | Low |
Chemotherapy vs chemotherapy Adverse events · advanced gastric adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 448 participants | Moderate |
Chemotherapy vs chemotherapy Quality of life · advanced gastric adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 70 participants | Very low |
Chemotherapy vs placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment Tumour response rate · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | RR 2.17 [0.63, 7.48] | 1 study · 435 participants | Low |
Chemotherapy vs placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment Any adverse events · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | RR 1.04 [1, 1.09] | 1 study · 503 participants | High |
Biological therapy vs placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment Overall survival · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | HR 0.55 [0.41, 0.73] | 3 studies · 781 participants | High |
Biological therapy vs placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment Progression‐free survival · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | HR 0.33 [0.19, 0.57] | 3 studies · 781 participants | Moderate |
Biological therapy vs placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment Serious adverse events · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | RR 1.14 [0.95, 1.37] | 2 studies · 638 participants | Low |
Biological therapy vs placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment Tumour response rate · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma (2020) · Cochrane | RR 5.12 [1.23, 21.27] | 3 studies · 687 participants | Low |
Intensification of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy vs intensification guided by clinical recurrence Clinical recurrence ( · adult participants (> 16 years of age) undergoing intestinal resection due to Crohn's disease Colonoscopy‐guided therapy for the prevention of post‐operative recurrence of Crohn’s disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.82 [0.56, 1.18] | 1 study · 174 participants | Low |
Initiation of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy vs initiation of prophylactic therapy immediately after surgery Mortality ( · Adult participants (> 16 years of age) undergoing intestinal resection due to Crohn's disease. Colonoscopy‐guided therapy for the prevention of post‐operative recurrence of Crohn’s disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 63 participants | Ungraded |
Initiation of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy vs initiation of prophylactic therapy immediately after surgery Quality of life · Adult participants (> 16 years of age) undergoing intestinal resection due to Crohn's disease. Colonoscopy‐guided therapy for the prevention of post‐operative recurrence of Crohn’s disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Initiation of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy vs initiation of prophylactic therapy immediately after surgery Adverse effects ( · Adult participants (> 16 years of age) undergoing intestinal resection due to Crohn's disease. Colonoscopy‐guided therapy for the prevention of post‐operative recurrence of Crohn’s disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.58 [0.42, 0.82] | 1 study · 63 participants | Very low |
Intensification of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy vs intensification guided by clinical recurrence Endoscopic recurrence ( · adult participants (> 16 years of age) undergoing intestinal resection due to Crohn's disease Colonoscopy‐guided therapy for the prevention of post‐operative recurrence of Crohn’s disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.73 [0.56, 0.95] | 1 study · 174 participants | Low |
Intensification of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy vs intensification guided by clinical recurrence Surgical recurrence ( · adult participants (> 16 years of age) undergoing intestinal resection due to Crohn's disease Colonoscopy‐guided therapy for the prevention of post‐operative recurrence of Crohn’s disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 504 participants | Very low |
Intensification of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy vs intensification guided by clinical recurrence Mortality ( · adult participants (> 16 years of age) undergoing intestinal resection due to Crohn's disease Colonoscopy‐guided therapy for the prevention of post‐operative recurrence of Crohn’s disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 174 participants | Ungraded |
Intensification of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy vs intensification guided by clinical recurrence Quality of life · adult participants (> 16 years of age) undergoing intestinal resection due to Crohn's disease Colonoscopy‐guided therapy for the prevention of post‐operative recurrence of Crohn’s disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intensification of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy vs intensification guided by clinical recurrence Adverse effects ( · adult participants (> 16 years of age) undergoing intestinal resection due to Crohn's disease Colonoscopy‐guided therapy for the prevention of post‐operative recurrence of Crohn’s disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.78 [0.49, 1.25] | 1 study · 174 participants | Very low |
Initiation of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy vs initiation of prophylactic therapy immediately after surgery Clinical recurrence (until week 102) · Adult participants (> 16 years of age) undergoing intestinal resection due to Crohn's disease. Colonoscopy‐guided therapy for the prevention of post‐operative recurrence of Crohn’s disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 1.16 [0.73, 1.84] | 1 study · 63 participants | Very low |
Initiation of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy vs initiation of prophylactic therapy immediately after surgery Endoscopic recurrence (at week 102) · Adult participants (> 16 years of age) undergoing intestinal resection due to Crohn's disease. Colonoscopy‐guided therapy for the prevention of post‐operative recurrence of Crohn’s disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 1.16 [0.73, 1.84] | 1 study · 63 participants | Very low |
Initiation of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy vs initiation of prophylactic therapy immediately after surgery Surgical recurrence ( · Adult participants (> 16 years of age) undergoing intestinal resection due to Crohn's disease. Colonoscopy‐guided therapy for the prevention of post‐operative recurrence of Crohn’s disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.79 [0.38, 1.62] | 133 participants | Very low |
Tofacitinib vs placebo Failure to achieve clinical remission (5 mg/10 mg) · participants with quiescent ulcerative colitis Oral Janus kinase inhibitors for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.7 [0.64, 0.77] | 1 study · 593 participants | High |
Tofacitinib vs placebo Failure to maintain clinical response (5 mg/10 mg) · participants with quiescent ulcerative colitis Oral Janus kinase inhibitors for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.54 [0.47, 0.62] | 1 study · 593 participants | High |
Tofacitinib vs placebo Failure to achieve endoscopic remission (5 mg/10 mg) · participants with quiescent ulcerative colitis Oral Janus kinase inhibitors for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.88 [0.83, 0.92] | 1 study · 593 participants | High |
Tofacitinib vs placebo Adverse events (5 mg/10 mg) · participants with quiescent ulcerative colitis Oral Janus kinase inhibitors for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis (2020) · Cochrane | RR 1.01 [0.92, 1.11] | 1 study · 592 participants | High |
Tofacitinib vs placebo Serious adverse events (5 mg/10 mg) · participants with quiescent ulcerative colitis Oral Janus kinase inhibitors for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.81 [0.42, 1.59] | 1 study · 592 participants | Low |