Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

613 questions · 659 findings · 29 reviews · Orthodontics

No studies found 186 · 28.2%GRADE not reported 294 · 44.6%Very low 87 · 13.2%Low 68 · 10.3%Moderate 21 · 3.2%High 3 · 0.5%

Patient-used 250 ppm F mouthrinse (100 ppm amine F/150 ppm NaF), daily vs 0 ppm F placebo mouthrinse, daily

Number of participants with new demineralised lesions (DLs) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

It is very uncertain whether patient-used 250 ppm F mouthrinse (100 ppm amine F/150 ppm NaF), daily changes number of participants with new demineralised lesions (DLs) compared with 0 ppm F placebo mouthrinse, daily (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Extra-oral pulp extirpation at day 0 vs Intra-oral pulp extirpation at day 7

Radiographic resorption (proxy measure for periodontal healing) at 12 months · People with avulsed and replanted permanent (front) teeth

It is very uncertain whether extra-oral pulp extirpation at day 0 changes radiographic resorption (proxy measure for periodontal healing) at… compared with intra-oral pulp extirpation at day 7 (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hyperbaric oxygen (following replantation) vs control

Pulpal healing at 12 months · People with avulsed and replanted permanent (front) teeth

It is very uncertain whether hyperbaric oxygen (following replantation) changes pulpal healing at 12 months compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hyperbaric oxygen (following replantation) vs control

Periodontal healing at 12 months · People with avulsed and replanted permanent (front) teeth

It is very uncertain whether hyperbaric oxygen (following replantation) changes periodontal healing at 12 months compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Thymosin alpha 1 (10-minute soak prior to replantation) vs Normal saline

Periodontal healing at 48 months · People with avulsed and replanted permanent (front) teeth

It is very uncertain whether thymosin alpha 1 (10-minute soak prior to replantation) changes periodontal healing at 48 months compared with control (saline) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Patient-used 5000 ppm F toothpaste, daily vs 1450 to 1500 ppm F toothpaste

Adverse effects · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Patient-used 5000 ppm F toothpaste, daily vs 1450 to 1500 ppm F toothpaste

Number of participants with new demineralised lesions (DLs) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

Patient-used 5000 ppm F toothpaste, daily throughout treatment showed no clear difference in number of participants with new demineralised lesions (DLs) compared with 1450 ppm F (conventional) toothpaste, daily (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Professionally-applied 12,300 ppm F APF foam, every 2 months vs 0 ppm F placebo foam

Number of participants with more severe DLs (severity of DLs) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Ledermix root canal medicament (day 0 to 10) vs Ultracal root canal medicament (day 7 to 10)

Periodontal healing at 12 months · People with avulsed and replanted permanent (front) teeth

It is very uncertain whether ledermix root canal medicament (day 0 to 10) changes periodontal healing at 12 months (tooth level) compared with ultracal root canal medicament (day 7 to 10) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

12,500 ppm F (NaF/olaflur/dectaflur) amine fluoride gel vs Placebo gel

Adverse effects · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)
1 finding from 1 review

Professionally-applied 12,300 ppm F APF foam, every 2 months vs 0 ppm F placebo foam

Number of participants with new demineralised lesions (DLs) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

Professionally-applied 12,300 ppm F APF foam, every 2 months may leads to lower number of participants with new demineralised lesions (DLs) compared with 0 ppm F placebo foam (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

1400/250 ppm F (amine F/SnF2) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily vs 1400/250 ppm F (NaF) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily

Plaque index (PI) / oral hygiene · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

It is very uncertain whether 1400/250 ppm F (amine F/SnF2) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily changes visible plaque index (mean change from baseline) compared with 1400/250 ppm F (NaF) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Professionally-applied 12,300 ppm F APF foam, every 2 months vs 0 ppm F placebo foam

Adverse effects · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride varnish vs Non-fluoride (placebo) varnish

Adverse effects · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)
1 finding from 1 review

Orthodontic treatment without extraction of permanent teeth vs Orthodontic treatment involving extraction of permanent teeth

Dento-occlusal results of treatment, measured with the PAR index · Children (80% aged <= 16 years) with a Class II division 2 malocclusion (deep bite and retroclined upper front teeth)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed functional appliance (FORSUS FRD) vs Fixed functional appliance with mini-implants (FMI)

Final overjet · Adolescents (age 12 to 16 years) receiving orthodontic treatment to correct prominent upper front teeth (Class II malocclusion)

Fixed functional appliance (FORSUS FRD) showed no clear difference in final overjet compared with fixed functional appliance with mini-implants (FMI); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Early treatment (two-phase) with headgear vs Early treatment (two-phase) with functional appliance

Incidence of incisal trauma · Children (7 to 11 years) and adolescents (12 to 16 years) with prominent upper front teeth (Class II malocclusion)

Early treatment (two-phase) with headgear showed no clear difference in incidence of incisal trauma compared with early treatment (two-phase) with functional appliance; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Early treatment (two-phase) with headgear vs Early treatment (two-phase) with functional appliance

Final ANB · Children (7 to 11 years) and adolescents (12 to 16 years) with prominent upper front teeth (Class II malocclusion)

Early treatment (two-phase) with headgear showed no clear difference in final ANB compared with early treatment (two-phase) with functional appliance; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Orthodontic treatment without extraction of permanent teeth vs Orthodontic treatment involving extraction of permanent teeth

Gingival and TMJ symptoms · Children (80% aged <= 16 years) with a Class II division 2 malocclusion (deep bite and retroclined upper front teeth)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed functional appliance (FORSUS FRD) vs Fixed functional appliance with mini-implants (FMI)

Final ANB · Adolescents (age 12 to 16 years) receiving orthodontic treatment to correct prominent upper front teeth (Class II malocclusion)

Fixed functional appliance (FORSUS FRD) showed no clear difference in final ANB compared with fixed functional appliance with mini-implants (FMI); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review