Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,490 questions · 1,526 findings · 124 reviews

No studies found 263 · 17.2%GRADE not reported 224 · 14.7%Very low 292 · 19.1%Low 327 · 21.4%Moderate 286 · 18.7%High 134 · 8.8%

Oestrogen in combination with progestogen (sequential or continuous) vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · women with PMS

It is very uncertain whether oestrogen in combination with progestogen (sequential or continuous) changes withdrawal due to adverse events over 2 to 4 menstrual cycles1 compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oestrogen in combination with progestogen (sequential or continuous) vs placebo

Specific adverse events · women with PMS

It is very uncertain whether oestrogen in combination with progestogen (sequential or continuous) changes specific adverse events over 2 to 4 menstrual cycles1 compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Combination of manual therapy and exercise following joint distension vs sham ultrasound following joint distension

Global assessment of treatment success · patients with adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder)

Combination of manual therapy and exercise following joint distension leads to higher global assessment of treatment success "Success, much improved,… compared with sham ultrasound following joint distension (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Combination of manual therapy and exercise following joint distension vs sham ultrasound following joint distension

Adverse events · patients with adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder)

Combination of manual therapy and exercise following joint distension leads to lower adverse events compared with sham ultrasound following joint distension (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Combination of manual therapy, exercise, electrotherapy and oral NSAID vs oral NSAID

Global assessment of treatment success · patients with adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder)

Combination of manual therapy, exercise, electrotherapy and oral NSAID may leads to higher global assessment of treatment success "Disappearance of shoulder… compared with oral NSAID (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Combination of manual therapy, exercise, electrotherapy and oral NSAID vs oral NSAID

Adverse events Pain persisting longer than 2 hours after treatment (during the 3‐week treatment period) · patients with adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder)

Combination of manual therapy, exercise, electrotherapy and oral NSAID may leads to higher adverse events Pain persisting longer than 2 hours after treatment… compared with oral NSAID (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other micronutrients vs unfortified rice (no micronutrients added)

Anaemia · general population of all age groups (including pregnant women) from any country, over two years of age

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other… may leads to lower anaemia (defined as haemoglobin below the WHO cut‐off, adjusted for… compared with unfortified rice (no micronutrients added) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other micronutrients vs unfortified rice (no micronutrients added)

Iron deficiency (as defined by study authors, based on a biomarker of iron status) · general population of all age groups (including pregnant women) from any country, over two years of age

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other… may leads to lower iron deficiency (as defined by study authors, based on a biomarker… compared with unfortified rice (no micronutrients added) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review