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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,956 questions in 143 reviews · Musculoskeletal
current versionsNo studies 555 · 28.4%Ungraded 107 · 5.5%Very low 255 · 13%Low 555 · 28.4%Moderate 357 · 18.3%High 127 · 6.5%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Calcium channel blockers vs placebo Serious adverse events Number of participants who died or withdrew and were hospitalized as a result of adverse effects of treatment · patients with Raynaud's phenomenon Calcium channel blockers for primary and secondary Raynaud's phenomenon (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Bisphosphonates vs placebo Number of participants with change in bone pain (disappearance of pain)¹assessed on VAS · Paget's disease of bone Bisphosphonates for Paget's disease of bone in adults (2017) · Cochrane | RR 3.42 [1.31, 8.9] | 2 studies · 205 participants | Moderate |
Zoledronate vs pamidronate or risedronate Number of participants who needed orthopaedic surgery (not measured) · Paget's disease of bone Bisphosphonates for Paget's disease of bone in adults (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Zoledronate vs pamidronate or risedronate Number of participants with change in quality of life measures (not measured) · Paget's disease of bone Bisphosphonates for Paget's disease of bone in adults (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Zoledronate vs pamidronate or risedronate Number of participants with change in hearing thresholds (not measured) · Paget's disease of bone Bisphosphonates for Paget's disease of bone in adults (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Zoledronate vs pamidronate or risedronate Number of participants who experienced side effects related to use of bisphosphonates. · Paget's disease of bone Bisphosphonates for Paget's disease of bone in adults (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.05 [0.95, 1.16] | 2 studies · 437 participants | Low |
Zoledronate vs pamidronate or risedronate Number of participants who withdrew due to adverse events (withdrawals) · Paget's disease of bone Bisphosphonates for Paget's disease of bone in adults (2017) · Cochrane | RR 2.04 [0.43, 9.59] | 2 studies · 437 participants | Very low |
Bisphosphonates vs placebo Number of participants who experienced radiologically‐confirmed fractures · Paget's disease of bone Bisphosphonates for Paget's disease of bone in adults (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.89 [0.18, 4.31] | 4 studies · 356 participants | Very low |
Bisphosphonates vs placebo Number of participants who needed orthopaedic surgery (not measured) · Paget's disease of bone Bisphosphonates for Paget's disease of bone in adults (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Bisphosphonates vs placebo Number of participants with change in quality of life measures (not measured) · Paget's disease of bone Bisphosphonates for Paget's disease of bone in adults (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Bisphosphonates vs placebo Number of participants with change in hearing thresholds (not measured) · Paget's disease of bone Bisphosphonates for Paget's disease of bone in adults (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Bisphosphonates vs placebo Number of participants who experienced side effects related to use of bisphosphonates · Paget's disease of bone Bisphosphonates for Paget's disease of bone in adults (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.32 [0.91, 1.92] | 6 studies · 678 participants | Low |
Bisphosphonates vs placebo Number of participants who withdrew due to adverse events · Paget's disease of bone Bisphosphonates for Paget's disease of bone in adults (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.01 [0.41, 2.52] | 6 studies · 517 participants | Low |
Zoledronate vs pamidronate or risedronate Number of participants with change in bone pain¹ assessed on VAS. · Paget's disease of bone Bisphosphonates for Paget's disease of bone in adults (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.31 [1.15, 1.51] | 2 studies · 436 participants | Very low |
Zoledronate vs pamidronate or risedronate Number of participants who experienced fractures (not measured) · Paget's disease of bone Bisphosphonates for Paget's disease of bone in adults (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Joint mobility Range of motion Scale from 0°‐135° (higher number reflects better outcome) · people with neurological conditions1 Stretch for the treatment and prevention of contractures (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 18 studies · 549 participants | High |
Intervention NR Activity limitations 100‐point Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire (lower score reflects better outcome) · people with non‐neurological conditions1 Stretch for the treatment and prevention of contractures (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 356 participants | High |
Intervention NR Participation restrictions 100 mm return to usual work activities VAS (higher score reflects better outcome) · people with non‐neurological conditions1 Stretch for the treatment and prevention of contractures (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 129 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Adverse events · people with non‐neurological conditions1 Stretch for the treatment and prevention of contractures (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Quality of life · people with neurological conditions1 Stretch for the treatment and prevention of contractures (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Pain 10‐point VAS (lower score reflects better outcome) · people with neurological conditions1 Stretch for the treatment and prevention of contractures (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 174 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Activity limitations 18‐point upper limb scale (higher score reflects better outcome) · people with neurological conditions1 Stretch for the treatment and prevention of contractures (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 237 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Participation restrictions · people with neurological conditions1 Stretch for the treatment and prevention of contractures (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Adverse events · people with neurological conditions1 Stretch for the treatment and prevention of contractures (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Joint mobility Range of motion Scale from 0°‐90° (higher number reflects better outcome) · people with non‐neurological conditions1 Stretch for the treatment and prevention of contractures (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 18 studies · 865 participants | High |
Intervention NR Quality of life 160‐point Burn Specific Health Scale‐Brief questionnaire (higher score reflects better outcome) · people with non‐neurological conditions1 Stretch for the treatment and prevention of contractures (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 97 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Pain 10‐point VAS (lower score reflects better outcome) · people with non‐neurological conditions1 Stretch for the treatment and prevention of contractures (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 422 participants | High |
Certolizumab pegol 200 mg sc (with or without MTX) vs placebo (with or without MTX) ACR 50% improvement · patients with rheumatoid arthritis in adults Certolizumab pegol (CDP870) for rheumatoid arthritis in adults (2017) · Cochrane | RR 3.8 [2.42, 5.95] | 5 studies · 1445 participants | High |
Certolizumab pegol 200 mg sc (with or without MTX) vs placebo (with or without MTX) HAQ change from baseline Scale from: 0 to 3. · patients with rheumatoid arthritis in adults Certolizumab pegol (CDP870) for rheumatoid arthritis in adults (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 1268 participants | Moderate |
Certolizumab pegol 200 mg sc (with or without MTX) vs placebo (with or without MTX) Proportion of patients achieving DAS < 2.6 (remission) · patients with rheumatoid arthritis in adults Certolizumab pegol (CDP870) for rheumatoid arthritis in adults (2017) · Cochrane | RR 2.94 [1.64, 5.28] | 6 studies · 2420 participants | High |
Certolizumab pegol 200 mg sc (with or without MTX) vs placebo (with or without MTX) Radiological changes: Erosion Scores (ES) Scale from: 0 to 230 · patients with rheumatoid arthritis in adults Certolizumab pegol (CDP870) for rheumatoid arthritis in adults (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 714 participants | Moderate |
Certolizumab pegol 200 mg sc (with or without MTX) vs placebo (with or without MTX) Serious adverse events · patients with rheumatoid arthritis in adults Certolizumab pegol (CDP870) for rheumatoid arthritis in adults (2017) · Cochrane | Peto OR 1.47 [1.13, 1.91] | 9 studies · 3927 participants | High |
Certolizumab pegol 200 mg sc (with or without MTX) vs placebo (with or without MTX) All Withdrawals: All doses of certolizumab pegol vs placebo · patients with rheumatoid arthritis in adults Certolizumab pegol (CDP870) for rheumatoid arthritis in adults (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.47 [0.39, 0.56] | 13 studies · 5200 participants | Moderate |
Certolizumab pegol 200 mg sc (with or without MTX) vs placebo (with or without MTX) Withdrawals due to adverse events All doses of certolizumab pegol versus placebo · patients with rheumatoid arthritis in adults Certolizumab pegol (CDP870) for rheumatoid arthritis in adults (2017) · Cochrane | Peto OR 1.45 [1.09, 1.94] | 12 studies · 5236 participants | High |
Celecoxib vs placebo Pain · osteoarthritis Celecoxib for osteoarthritis (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 1622 participants | High |
Celecoxib vs tNSAIDs Quality of life · osteoarthritis Celecoxib for osteoarthritis (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Celecoxib vs tNSAIDs Number withdrawn due to adverse events · osteoarthritis Celecoxib for osteoarthritis (2017) · Cochrane | Peto OR 0.97 [0.74, 1.27] | 8 studies · 3150 participants | Low |
Celecoxib vs tNSAIDs Number experiencing any serious adverse events · osteoarthritis Celecoxib for osteoarthritis (2017) · Cochrane | Peto OR 0.92 [0.66, 1.28] | 5 studies · 2404 participants | Very low |
Celecoxib vs tNSAIDs Number experiencing gastro‐intestinal events (perforation, ulcer, bleeds) · osteoarthritis Celecoxib for osteoarthritis (2017) · Cochrane | Peto OR 0.61 [0.15, 2.43] | 4 studies · 1755 participants | Very low |
Celecoxib vs tNSAIDs Number experiencing cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction, stroke) · osteoarthritis Celecoxib for osteoarthritis (2017) · Cochrane | Peto OR 0.47 [0.17, 1.25] | 1 study · 916 participants | Very low |
Celecoxib vs placebo Physical function · osteoarthritis Celecoxib for osteoarthritis (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 1622 participants | High |
Celecoxib vs placebo Quality of life · osteoarthritis Celecoxib for osteoarthritis (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Celecoxib vs placebo Number withdrawn due to adverse events · osteoarthritis Celecoxib for osteoarthritis (2017) · Cochrane | Peto OR 0.99 [0.85, 1.15] | 24 studies · 10996 participants | Moderate |
Celecoxib vs placebo Number experiencing any serious adverse events · osteoarthritis Celecoxib for osteoarthritis (2017) · Cochrane | Peto OR 0.95 [0.66, 1.36] | 22 studies · 10926 participants | Very low |
Celecoxib vs placebo Number experiencing gastro‐intestinal events (perforation, ulcer, bleeds) · osteoarthritis Celecoxib for osteoarthritis (2017) · Cochrane | Peto OR 1.91 [0.24, 14.9] | 8 studies · 3263 participants | Very low |
Celecoxib vs placebo Number experiencing cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction, stroke) · osteoarthritis Celecoxib for osteoarthritis (2017) · Cochrane | Peto OR 3.4 [0.73, 15.88] | 4 studies · 2112 participants | Very low |
Celecoxib vs tNSAIDs Pain · osteoarthritis Celecoxib for osteoarthritis (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 1180 participants | Moderate |
Celecoxib vs tNSAIDs Physical function · osteoarthritis Celecoxib for osteoarthritis (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 264 participants | Moderate |
Hand exercise vs no exercise Hand pain Self‐report questionnaires Scale from 0 to 10 (0 represents no pain) · patients with hand osteoarthritis Exercise for hand osteoarthritis (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 381 participants | Low |
Hand exercise vs no exercise Hand function Self‐report questionnaires Scale from 0 to 36 (0 represents no physical disability) · patients with hand osteoarthritis Exercise for hand osteoarthritis (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 369 participants | Low |