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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.

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Intervention or exposure

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Review versions

1,518 questions in 135 reviews · Infectious Diseases

current versions

No studies 135 · 8.9%Ungraded 150 · 9.9%Very low 350 · 23.1%Low 420 · 27.7%Moderate 321 · 21.1%High 142 · 9.4%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Question	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Two weeks of AmBd + 5FC + FLU vs two weeks of AmBd + 5FC Mortality: 10 weeks · HIV‐infected individual with first episode of cryptococcal meningitis Treatment for HIV‐associated cryptococcal meningitis (2018) · Cochrane	RR 2.81 [0.33, 24.16]	1 study · 31 participants	Very low
Two weeks of AmBd + 5FC + FLU vs two weeks of AmBd + FLU Mortality: 10 weeks · HIV‐infected individual with first episode of cryptococcal meningitis Treatment for HIV‐associated cryptococcal meningitis (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.43 [0.13, 1.37]	1 study · 32 participants	Very low
Two weeks of AmBd + 5FC + FLU vs two weeks of AmBd Mortality: 10 weeks · HIV‐infected individual with first episode of cryptococcal meningitis Treatment for HIV‐associated cryptococcal meningitis (2018) · Cochrane	RR 1 [0.24, 4.23]	1 study · 32 participants	Very low
One week of AmBd + 5FC vs two weeks of AmBd + FLU Mortality: 10 weeks · HIV‐infected individual with first episode of cryptococcal meningitis Treatment for HIV‐associated cryptococcal meningitis (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.58 [0.39, 0.86]	1 study · 227 participants	Moderate
One week of AmBd + 5FC + FLU vs one week of AmBd + FLU Mortality: 10 weeks · HIV‐infected individual with first episode of cryptococcal meningitis Treatment for HIV‐associated cryptococcal meningitis (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.86 [0.35, 2.1]	1 study · 40 participants	Low
Two weeks of AmBd + 5FC + IFNg vs two weeks of AmBd + 5FC Mortality: 10 weeks · HIV‐infected individual with first episode of cryptococcal meningitis Treatment for HIV‐associated cryptococcal meningitis (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.92 [0.48, 1.77]	1 study · 88 participants	Low
One week of AmBd + 5FC vs one week of AmBd + FLU Mortality: 10 weeks · HIV‐infected individual with first episode of cryptococcal meningitis Treatment for HIV‐associated cryptococcal meningitis (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.49 [0.34, 0.72]	1 study · 224 participants	Moderate
One week of AmBd + 5FC vs two weeks of 5FC + FLU Mortality: 10 weeks · HIV‐infected individual with first episode of cryptococcal meningitis Treatment for HIV‐associated cryptococcal meningitis (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.68 [0.47, 0.99]	1 study · 338 participants	Moderate
Two weeks of 5FC + FLU vs two weeks of AmBd + 5FC Mortality: 10 weeks · HIV‐infected individual with first episode of cryptococcal meningitis Treatment for HIV‐associated cryptococcal meningitis (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.92 [0.69, 1.23]	1 study · 340 participants	Moderate
Two weeks of 5FC + FLU vs two weeks of AmBd + FLU Mortality: 10 weeks · HIV‐infected individual with first episode of cryptococcal meningitis Treatment for HIV‐associated cryptococcal meningitis (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.85 [0.64, 1.13]	1 study · 339 participants	Moderate
Two weeks of AmBd + 5FC vs two weeks of AmBd Mortality: 10 weeks · HIV‐infected individual with first episode of cryptococcal meningitis Treatment for HIV‐associated cryptococcal meningitis (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.66 [0.46, 0.95]	2 studies · 231 participants	Moderate
Two weeks of AmBd + FLU vs two weeks of AmBd Mortality: 10 weeks · HIV‐infected individual with first episode of cryptococcal meningitis Treatment for HIV‐associated cryptococcal meningitis (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.94 [0.55, 1.62]	3 studies · 371 participants	Low
Two weeks of AmBd + 5FC vs two weeks of AmBd + FLU Mortality: 10 weeks · HIV‐infected individual with first episode of cryptococcal meningitis Treatment for HIV‐associated cryptococcal meningitis (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.9 [0.69, 1.19]	4 studies · 538 participants	Low
Resistance testing vs no resistance testing Mortality · HIV‐positive people Antiretroviral resistance testing in HIV‐positive people (2018) · Cochrane	OR 0.89 [0.36, 2.22]	5 studies · 1140 participants	Moderate
Resistance testing vs no resistance testing Virological failure · HIV‐positive people Antiretroviral resistance testing in HIV‐positive people (2018) · Cochrane	OR 0.7 [0.56, 0.87]	10 studies · 1728 participants	Low
Resistance testing vs no resistance testing Change in CD4 cell count · HIV‐positive people Antiretroviral resistance testing in HIV‐positive people (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	7 studies · 1349 participants	Moderate
Resistance testing vs no resistance testing Progression to AIDS · HIV‐positive people Antiretroviral resistance testing in HIV‐positive people (2018) · Cochrane	OR 0.64 [0.31, 1.29]	3 studies · 809 participants	Moderate
Resistance testing vs no resistance testing Adverse events · HIV‐positive people Antiretroviral resistance testing in HIV‐positive people (2018) · Cochrane	OR 0.89 [0.51, 1.55]	4 studies · 808 participants	Low
Resistance testing vs no resistance testing Change in viral load · HIV‐positive people Antiretroviral resistance testing in HIV‐positive people (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	10 studies · 1837 participants	Moderate
Resistance testing vs no resistance testing Quality of life ‐ not reported · HIV‐positive people Antiretroviral resistance testing in HIV‐positive people (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Resistance testing vs no resistance testing New opportunistic infection ‐ not reported · HIV‐positive people Antiretroviral resistance testing in HIV‐positive people (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Single dose primaquine at 0.2 to 0.25 mg/kg vs no primaquine, with artemisinin partner, Participants infectious at day 3‐4 · adults and children with malaria being treated with artemisinin combination treatment Primaquine or other 8‐aminoquinolines for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.12 [0.02, 0.88]	3 studies · 105 participants	Low
Single dose primaquine at 0.4 to 0.5 mg/kg vs no primaquine, with artemisinin partner, Participants with severe haemolysis · adults and children with malaria being treated with artemisinin combination treatment Primaquine or other 8‐aminoquinolines for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission (2018) · Cochrane	RR 1.54 [0.38, 6.3]	2 studies · 260 participants	Low
Single dose primaquine at 0.75 mg/kg vs no primaquine, with artemisinin partner, Participants infectious at day 3‐4 · adults and children with malaria being treated with artemisinin combination treatment Primaquine or other 8‐aminoquinolines for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.2 [0.02, 1.68]	1 study · 101 participants	Low
Single dose primaquine at 0.75 mg/kg vs no primaquine, with artemisinin partner, Participants infectious at day 8 · adults and children with malaria being treated with artemisinin combination treatment Primaquine or other 8‐aminoquinolines for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.18 [0.02, 1.41]	2 studies · 181 participants	Low
Single dose primaquine at 0.75 mg/kg vs no primaquine, with artemisinin partner, Participants with gametocytes at day 3‐4, by PCR · adults and children with malaria being treated with artemisinin combination treatment Primaquine or other 8‐aminoquinolines for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.92 [0.75, 1.13]	2 studies · 290 participants	Low
Single dose primaquine at 0.75 mg/kg vs no primaquine, with artemisinin partner, Participants with gametocytes at day 8, by PCR · adults and children with malaria being treated with artemisinin combination treatment Primaquine or other 8‐aminoquinolines for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.31 [0.23, 0.43]	5 studies · 793 participants	High
Single dose primaquine at 0.75 mg/kg vs no primaquine, with artemisinin partner, Participants with severe haemolysis · adults and children with malaria being treated with artemisinin combination treatment Primaquine or other 8‐aminoquinolines for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 106 participants	Ungraded
Single dose primaquine at 0.4 to 0.5 mg/kg vs no primaquine, with non‐artemisinin partner, Participants with gametocytes at day 4‐5, by microscopy · adults and children with malaria being treated with non‐artemisinin treatment Primaquine or other 8‐aminoquinolines for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.83 [0.62, 1.13]	2 studies · 221 participants	Moderate
Single dose primaquine at 0.4 to 0.5 mg/kg vs no primaquine, with non‐artemisinin partner, Participants with gametocytes at day 8, by microscopy · adults and children with malaria being treated with non‐artemisinin treatment Primaquine or other 8‐aminoquinolines for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.6 [0.49, 0.75]	2 studies · 216 participants	Moderate
Single dose primaquine at 0.75 mg/kg vs no primaquine, with non‐artemisinin partner, Participants infectious at day 5 · adults and children with malaria being treated with non‐artemisinin treatment Primaquine or other 8‐aminoquinolines for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.09 [0.01, 0.62]	2 studies · 30 participants	Very low
Single dose primaquine at 0.75 mg/kg vs no primaquine, with non‐artemisinin partner, Participants infectious at day 8 · adults and children with malaria being treated with non‐artemisinin treatment Primaquine or other 8‐aminoquinolines for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.07 [0.01, 0.45]	2 studies · 30 participants	Very low
Single dose primaquine at 0.2 to 0.25 mg/kg vs no primaquine, with artemisinin partner, Participants infectious at day 8 · adults and children with malaria being treated with artemisinin combination treatment Primaquine or other 8‐aminoquinolines for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.34 [0.07, 1.58]	4 studies · 243 participants	Low
Single dose primaquine at 0.75 mg/kg vs no primaquine, with non‐artemisinin partner, Participants with gametocytes at day 5, by microscopy · adults and children with malaria being treated with non‐artemisinin treatment Primaquine or other 8‐aminoquinolines for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.85 [0.48, 1.5]	2 studies · 52 participants	Low
Single dose primaquine at 0.75 mg/kg vs no primaquine, with non‐artemisinin partner, Participants with gametocytes at day 8, by microscopy · adults and children with malaria being treated with non‐artemisinin treatment Primaquine or other 8‐aminoquinolines for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.39 [0.25, 0.62]	4 studies · 186 participants	Moderate
Single dose primaquine at 0.2 to 0.25 mg/kg vs no primaquine, with artemisinin partner, Participants with gametocytes at day 3 to 4 by PCR · adults and children with malaria being treated with artemisinin combination treatment Primaquine or other 8‐aminoquinolines for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission (2018) · Cochrane	RR 1.02 [0.87, 1.21]	3 studies · 414 participants	Moderate
Single dose primaquine at 0.2 to 0.25 mg/kg vs no primaquine, with artemisinin partner, Participants with gametocytes at day 8 by PCR · adults and children with malaria being treated with artemisinin combination treatment Primaquine or other 8‐aminoquinolines for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.52 [0.41, 0.65]	4 studies · 532 participants	High
Single dose primaquine at 0.2 to 0.25 mg/kg vs no primaquine, with artemisinin partner, Participants with severe haemolysis · adults and children with malaria being treated with artemisinin combination treatment Primaquine or other 8‐aminoquinolines for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.98 [0.69, 1.39]	4 studies · 752 participants	Moderate
Single dose primaquine at 0.4 to 0.5 mg/kg vs no primaquine, with artemisinin partner, Participants infectious at day 3‐4 · adults and children with malaria being treated with artemisinin combination treatment Primaquine or other 8‐aminoquinolines for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.13 [0.02, 0.94]	3 studies · 109 participants	Low
Single dose primaquine at 0.4 to 0.5 mg/kg vs no primaquine, with artemisinin partner, Participants infectious at day 8 · adults and children with malaria being treated with artemisinin combination treatment Primaquine or other 8‐aminoquinolines for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.33 [0.07, 1.57]	4 studies · 246 participants	Low
Single dose primaquine at 0.4 to 0.5 mg/kg vs no primaquine, with artemisinin partner, Participants with gametocytes at day 3‐4, by PCR · adults and children with malaria being treated with artemisinin combination treatment Primaquine or other 8‐aminoquinolines for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission (2018) · Cochrane	RR 1.09 [0.93, 1.28]	3 studies · 418 participants	Moderate
Single dose primaquine at 0.4 to 0.5 mg/kg vs no primaquine, with artemisinin partner, Participants with gametocytes at day 8, by PCR · adults and children with malaria being treated with artemisinin combination treatment Primaquine or other 8‐aminoquinolines for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.37 [0.29, 0.48]	5 studies · 758 participants	High
Early ART vs delayed ART initiation All‐cause mortality at 6 to 12 months · HIV‐positive people with cryptococcal meningitis Early versus delayed antiretroviral treatment in HIV‐positive people with cryptococcal meningitis (2018) · Cochrane	RR 1.42 [1.02, 1.97]	4 studies · 294 participants	Low
Early ART vs delayed ART initiation Cryptococcal meningitis relapse · HIV‐positive people with cryptococcal meningitis Early versus delayed antiretroviral treatment in HIV‐positive people with cryptococcal meningitis (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.27 [0.07, 1.04]	2 studies · 205 participants	Low
Early ART vs delayed ART initiation Cryptococcal IRIS · HIV‐positive people with cryptococcal meningitis Early versus delayed antiretroviral treatment in HIV‐positive people with cryptococcal meningitis (2018) · Cochrane	RR 3.56 [0.51, 25.02]	2 studies · 205 participants	Very low
Early ART vs delayed ART initiation HIV virological suppression at 6 months (viral load < 400 copies/mL) · HIV‐positive people with cryptococcal meningitis Early versus delayed antiretroviral treatment in HIV‐positive people with cryptococcal meningitis (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.93 [0.72, 1.22]	2 studies · 205 participants	Very low
Mefloquine vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine Clinical malaria episodes during pregnancy · HIV‐uninfected pregnant women Mefloquine for preventing malaria in pregnant women (2018) · Cochrane	IRR 0.83 [0.65, 1.05]	2 studies · 2 participants	High
Mefloquine plus cotrimoxazole vs cotrimoxazole Maternal peripheral parasitaemia at delivery (PCR) · HIV‐infected pregnant women Mefloquine for preventing malaria in pregnant women (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.52 [0.3, 0.93]	2 studies · 989 participants	Moderate
Mefloquine plus cotrimoxazole vs cotrimoxazole Placental malaria (PCR) · HIV‐infected pregnant women Mefloquine for preventing malaria in pregnant women (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.28 [0.14, 0.57]	2 studies · 977 participants	Moderate
Mefloquine plus cotrimoxazole vs cotrimoxazole Maternal anaemia at delivery · HIV‐infected pregnant women Mefloquine for preventing malaria in pregnant women (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.94 [0.73, 1.2]	2 studies · 1197 participants	Moderate