Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,126 questions · 1,225 findings · 111 reviews

No studies found 235 · 19.2%GRADE not reported 260 · 21.2%Very low 207 · 16.9%Low 271 · 22.1%Moderate 177 · 14.4%High 75 · 6.1%

Vitamin D (higher dose) + micronutrient(s) vs vitamin D (lower dose) + micronutrient(s)

Adverse effect: hypercalciuria As defined by trialists Time frame: 3 months · children under 5 years of age

Vitamin D (higher dose) + micronutrient(s) showed no clear difference in adverse effect: hypercalciuria As defined by trialists Time frame: 3… compared with vitamin D (lower dose) + micronutrient(s) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D (higher dose) + micronutrient(s) vs vitamin D (lower dose) + micronutrient(s)

Hypercalcaemia · children under 5 years of age

Vitamin D (higher dose) + micronutrient(s) showed no clear difference in adverse effect: hypercalcaemia As defined by trialists Time frame:… compared with vitamin D (lower dose) + micronutrient(s) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin C vs allopurinol

Joint pain reduction ‐ not reported · participants with chronic gout and sUA level > 0.36mmol/L

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin C vs allopurinol

Participant global assessment · participants with chronic gout and sUA level > 0.36mmol/L

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin C vs allopurinol

Tophus regression · participants with chronic gout and sUA level > 0.36mmol/L

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin C vs allopurinol

Acute gout attacks · participants with chronic gout and sUA level > 0.36mmol/L

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A vs placebo

Incidence: lung cancer · healthy people and healthy male physicians

Vitamin A showed no clear difference in incidence: lung cancer compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin C vs placebo

Incidence: lung cancer ‐ women · healthy male physicians, period: 1997 to 2007 and female health professionals, period: 1998 to 2005

Vitamin C leads to higher incidence: lung cancer ‐ women compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin C vs placebo

Mortality: lung cancer ‐ men · healthy male physicians, period: 1997 to 2007 and female health professionals, period: 1998 to 2005

Vitamin C showed no clear difference in mortality: lung cancer ‐ men compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin C vs placebo

Incidence: all cancers · healthy male physicians, period: 1997 to 2007 and female health professionals, period: 1998 to 2005

Vitamin C showed no clear difference in incidence: all cancers compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin C vs placebo

Mortality: all cancers · healthy male physicians, period: 1997 to 2007 and female health professionals, period: 1998 to 2005

Vitamin C showed no clear difference in mortality: all cancers compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review