Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

360 questions · 370 findings · 102 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 48 · 13%GRADE not reported 12 · 3.2%Very low 76 · 20.5%Low 121 · 32.7%Moderate 84 · 22.7%High 29 · 7.8%

Antibiotics vs placebo

All‐cause mortality WMD of · Adults (aged 40 or over) with COPD presenting with 1 or more exacerbations in the previous year. The 2 larger studies (Albert 2011; Sethi…

Antibiotics showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality WMD of compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo

Serious adverse events WMD of · Adults (aged 40 or over) with COPD presenting with 1 or more exacerbations in the previous year. The 2 larger studies (Albert 2011; Sethi…

Antibiotics showed no clear difference in serious adverse events WMD of compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

NPPV vs oxygen therapy

Duration of ICU stay · adults (aged > 17 years) with acute respiratory failure after upper abdominal surgery

It is very uncertain whether noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) changes ICU length of stay compared with oxygen therapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Mortality at longest · adult (≥ 18 years of age) patients receiving mechanical ventilation (via either an endotracheal tube or a tracheostomy) for acute…

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes mortality at longest (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Requirement for renal replacement therapy ( · adult (≥ 18 years of age) patients receiving mechanical ventilation (via either an endotracheal tube or a tracheostomy) for acute…

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes requirement for renal replacement therapy ( (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review