Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,432 questions · 1,467 findings · 116 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 232 · 15.8%GRADE not reported 202 · 13.8%Very low 286 · 19.5%Low 327 · 22.3%Moderate 286 · 19.5%High 134 · 9.1%

Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives vs usual care

Proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age · children under 5 years of age

Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives showed no clear difference in proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age… compared with routine care (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives vs usual care

Proportion of children who received all recommended vaccines by 2 years of age (phone call/SMS only) · children under 5 years of age

Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives showed no clear difference in proportion of children who received all recommended vaccines by 2… compared with routine care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives vs usual care

Proportion of children who received all recommended vaccines by 2 years of age · children under 5 years of age

Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives may leads to higher proportion of children who received all recommended vaccines by 2… compared with routine care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives vs usual care

Proportion of children who received the vaccine under study ‐ BCG (phone call/SMS only) · children under 5 years of age

Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives showed no clear difference in proportion of children who received the vaccine under study ‐ BCG… compared with routine care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives vs usual care

Proportion of children who received the vaccine under study ‐ BCG (SMS + monetary incentive) · children under 5 years of age

Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives showed no clear difference in proportion of children who received the vaccine under study ‐ BCG… compared with routine care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives vs usual care

Proportion of children who received the vaccine under study ‐ OPV3 (phone call/SMS only) · children under 5 years of age

Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives showed no clear difference in proportion of children who received the vaccine under study ‐ OPV3… compared with routine care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives vs usual care

Proportion of children who received the vaccine under study ‐ OPV3 (phone call/SMS + monetary incentive) · children under 5 years of age

Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives showed no clear difference in proportion of children who received the vaccine under study ‐ OPV3… compared with routine care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives vs usual care

Proportion of children who received the vaccine under study ‐ measles/MMR (phone call/SMS + monetary incentive) · children under 5 years of age

Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives may leads to higher proportion of children who received the vaccine under study ‐… compared with routine care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oestrogen in combination with progestogen (sequential or continuous) vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · women with PMS

It is very uncertain whether oestrogen in combination with progestogen (sequential or continuous) changes withdrawal due to adverse events over 2 to 4 menstrual cycles1 compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oestrogen in combination with progestogen (sequential or continuous) vs placebo

Specific adverse events · women with PMS

It is very uncertain whether oestrogen in combination with progestogen (sequential or continuous) changes specific adverse events over 2 to 4 menstrual cycles1 compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review