Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

3,584 questions · 3,695 findings · 567 reviews

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No studies found 784 · 21.2%GRADE not reported 308 · 8.3%Very low 1,036 · 28%Low 971 · 26.3%Moderate 440 · 11.9%High 156 · 4.2%

Standard valve vs anti‐syphon valve

Mortality In the early postoperative period (≤ 30 days) · participants with hydrocephalus

1 finding from 1 review

Ventriculo‐peritoneal shunting devices for hydrocephalus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 229 participants
Low

Standard valve vs anti‐syphon valve

Mortality Beyond the early postoperative period (> 30 days) · participants with hydrocephalus

1 finding from 1 review

Ventriculo‐peritoneal shunting devices for hydrocephalus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 229 participants
Low

Standard valve vs anti‐syphon valve

Quality of life · participants with hydrocephalus

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Ventriculo‐peritoneal shunting devices for hydrocephalus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Treatment failure: morbidity associated with shunt placement that led to shunt revision · participants with hydrocephalus

1 finding from 1 review

Ventriculo‐peritoneal shunting devices for hydrocephalus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 174 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Adverse events: morbidity related to the shunt placement that has not led to shunt revision · participants with hydrocephalus

1 finding from 1 review

Ventriculo‐peritoneal shunting devices for hydrocephalus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Mortality In the early postoperative period (≤ 30 days) · participants with hydrocephalus

1 finding from 1 review

Ventriculo‐peritoneal shunting devices for hydrocephalus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 174 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Mortality Beyond the early postoperative period (> 30 days) · participants with hydrocephalus

1 finding from 1 review

Ventriculo‐peritoneal shunting devices for hydrocephalus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 90 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Pain relief (percentage relief compared to baseline) · children and young adults with SCD

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for pain management in sickle cell disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Pain intensity (visual analogue score from 0 to 10 where 10 is the most severe pain) · children and young adults with SCD

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes pain intensity (visual analogue score from 0 to 10 where 10 is the… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for pain management in sickle cell disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 22 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Frequency of pain episodes · children and young adults with SCD

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for pain management in sickle cell disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Change in consumption of analgesics (number of participants requiring analgesia) · children and young adults with SCD

1 finding from 1 review

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for pain management in sickle cell disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 22 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Change in QoL · children and young adults with SCD

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for pain management in sickle cell disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Change in ability to cope with ADL · children and young adults with SCD

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for pain management in sickle cell disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Adverse effects · children and young adults with SCD

1 finding from 1 review

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for pain management in sickle cell disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 22 participants
Very low

Any glucocorticoid vs placebo

In‐hospital postoperative mortality · Children having heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

Glucocorticoid showed no clear difference in in‐hospital postoperative mortality compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic corticosteroids for paediatric heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.83 [0.33, 2.07]
5 studies · 313 participants
Moderate

Any glucocorticoid vs placebo

Duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation · Children having heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic corticosteroids for paediatric heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 421 participants
High

Any glucocorticoid vs placebo

Length of postoperative ICU stay · Children having heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic corticosteroids for paediatric heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 421 participants
High

Any glucocorticoid vs placebo

Length of postoperative hospital stay · Children having heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic corticosteroids for paediatric heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 176 participants
Moderate

Any glucocorticoid vs placebo

Mortality within the longest · Children having heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

Glucocorticoid showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality at longest compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic corticosteroids for paediatric heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.83 [0.33, 2.07]
5 studies · 313 participants
Moderate

Any glucocorticoid vs placebo

Cardiovascular mortality · Children having heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

Glucocorticoid showed no clear difference in cardiovascular mortality at longest compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic corticosteroids for paediatric heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.4 [0.07, 2.46]
3 studies · 109 participants
Moderate