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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,173 questions in 89 reviews · Neuromuscular
current versionsNo studies 302 · 25.7%Ungraded 119 · 10.1%Very low 267 · 22.8%Low 239 · 20.4%Moderate 177 · 15.1%High 69 · 5.9%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Corticosteroid vs control Adverse events ‐ diabetes mellitus requiring insulin · people with Guillain‐Barré syndrome Corticosteroids for Guillain‐Barré syndrome (2016) · Cochrane | RR 2.21 [1.19, 4.12] | 2 studies · 467 participants | High |
Corticosteroid vs control Adverse events ‐ hypertension · people with Guillain‐Barré syndrome Corticosteroids for Guillain‐Barré syndrome (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.15 [0.05, 0.41] | 2 studies · 467 participants | High |
Corticosteroids vs placebo or no treatment Incomplete recovery ≥ 6 months after randomisation House‐Brackmann grading system and Sunnybrook scale · people with Bell's palsy Corticosteroids for Bell's palsy (idiopathic facial paralysis) (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.63 [0.5, 0.8] | 7 studies · 895 participants | High |
Corticosteroids vs placebo or no treatment Cosmetically disabling persistent sequelae ≥ 6 months after randomisation Clinical assessment · people with Bell's palsy Corticosteroids for Bell's palsy (idiopathic facial paralysis) (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.96 [0.4, 2.29] | 2 studies · 75 participants | Low |
Corticosteroids vs placebo or no treatment Motor synkinesis and crocodile tears Clinical assessment · people with Bell's palsy Corticosteroids for Bell's palsy (idiopathic facial paralysis) (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.64 [0.45, 0.91] | 3 studies · 485 participants | Moderate |
Corticosteroids vs placebo or no treatment Adverse effects · people with Bell's palsy Corticosteroids for Bell's palsy (idiopathic facial paralysis) (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.04 [0.71, 1.51] | 3 studies · 715 participants | Moderate |
Rituximab vs placebo Number of participants improved in disability · people with IgM anti‐myelin‐associated glycoprotein paraprotein‐associated peripheral neuropathies Immunotherapy for IgM anti‐myelin‐associated glycoprotein paraprotein‐associated peripheral neuropathies (2016) · Cochrane | RR 3.51 [1.3, 9.45] | 2 studies · 73 participants | Low |
Rituximab vs placebo Mean improvement in disability · people with IgM anti‐myelin‐associated glycoprotein paraprotein‐associated peripheral neuropathies Immunotherapy for IgM anti‐myelin‐associated glycoprotein paraprotein‐associated peripheral neuropathies (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 73 participants | Low |
Rituximab vs placebo Improvement in 10‐metre walk time at 8 to 12 months1 · people with IgM anti‐myelin‐associated glycoprotein paraprotein‐associated peripheral neuropathies Immunotherapy for IgM anti‐myelin‐associated glycoprotein paraprotein‐associated peripheral neuropathies (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 68 participants | Moderate |
Rituximab vs placebo Participant subjective impression of change stable or improved at 8 to 12 months · people with IgM anti‐myelin‐associated glycoprotein paraprotein‐associated peripheral neuropathies Immunotherapy for IgM anti‐myelin‐associated glycoprotein paraprotein‐associated peripheral neuropathies (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.86 [1.27, 2.71] | 2 studies · 70 participants | Low |
Rituximab vs placebo Change in serum IgM paraprotein concentration 8 months after treatment1 · people with IgM anti‐myelin‐associated glycoprotein paraprotein‐associated peripheral neuropathies Immunotherapy for IgM anti‐myelin‐associated glycoprotein paraprotein‐associated peripheral neuropathies (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 26 participants | Moderate |
Rituximab vs placebo Any adverse event · people with IgM anti‐myelin‐associated glycoprotein paraprotein‐associated peripheral neuropathies Immunotherapy for IgM anti‐myelin‐associated glycoprotein paraprotein‐associated peripheral neuropathies (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.18 [0.84, 1.66] | 2 studies · 80 participants | Very low |
Corticosteroids vs placebo Prolongation of time to loss of ambulation ‐ not reported · patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Weekend‐only vs daily prednisone Change in muscle strength ‐ QMT leg score (lb) · patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 57 participants | Moderate |
Weekend‐only vs daily prednisone Change in muscle strength ‐ MMT score · patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 54 participants | Low |
Weekend‐only vs daily prednisone Change in 10‐metre walking time · patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 56 participants | Moderate |
Weekend‐only vs daily prednisone Change in 4‐stair climbing time · patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 55 participants | Moderate |
Weekend‐only vs daily prednisone BMI (kg/m2) at end of study · patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 58 participants | Low |
Weekend‐only vs daily prednisone Behavioural changes · patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 54 participants | Low |
Weekend‐only vs daily prednisone Fractures ‐ not reported · patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 53 participants | Ungraded |
Deflazacort vs prednisone Prolongation of time to loss of ambulation ‐ not reported · patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Deflazacort vs prednisone Muscle strength ‐ not reported · patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Deflazacort vs prednisone Change in 10‐metre walking time · patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Corticosteroids vs placebo Mean change in average muscle score: prednisone ‐ daily dose regimen (0.75 mg/kg/day) · patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 147 participants | Moderate |
Deflazacort vs prednisone Change in 4‐stair climbing time · patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Deflazacort vs prednisone Weight gain (%) · patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 43 participants | Very low |
Deflazacort vs prednisone Behavioural changes · patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.07 [0.53, 2.17] | 1 study · 17 participants | Very low |
Deflazacort vs prednisone Fractures · patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Corticosteroids vs placebo Nine‐metre walking/running time: prednisone ‐ daily dose regimen (0.75 mg/kg/day) · patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 111 participants | Moderate |
Corticosteroids vs placebo 4‐stair climbing time: prednisone ‐ daily dose regimen (0.75 mg/kg/day) · patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 152 participants | Moderate |
Corticosteroids vs placebo Mean % weight gain: prednisone ‐ daily dose regimen (0.75 mg/kg/day) · patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 126 participants | Moderate |
Corticosteroids vs placebo Behavioural changes ‐ prednisone (0.75 mg/kg/day) · patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.39 [0.94, 2.06] | 2 studies · 135 participants | Moderate |
Corticosteroids vs placebo Fractures · patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 143 participants | Ungraded |
Weekend‐only vs daily prednisone Prolongation of time to loss of ambulation ‐ not reported · patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Weekend‐only vs daily prednisone Change in muscle strength ‐ QMT arm score (lb) · patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 57 participants | Moderate |
Multi‐modal hand therapy vs normal activities and advice Long‐term improvement in functional ability (DASH) ‐ DASH at 6 months post surgery · people who have had carpal tunnel release surgery Rehabilitation following carpal tunnel release (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 150 participants | Low |
Multi‐modal hand therapy vs normal activities and advice Change in impairment measure (grip strength) ‐ 6 months post surgery · people who have had carpal tunnel release surgery Rehabilitation following carpal tunnel release (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 150 participants | Low |
Multi‐modal hand therapy vs normal activities and advice Change in impairment measure (lateral pinch strength) ‐ 6 months post surgery · people who have had carpal tunnel release surgery Rehabilitation following carpal tunnel release (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 150 participants | Low |
Multi‐modal hand therapy vs normal activities and advice Return to normal occupations ‐ at the end of treatment (2 weeks post surgery) · people who have had carpal tunnel release surgery Rehabilitation following carpal tunnel release (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.96 [0.78, 1.18] | 1 study · 150 participants | Low |
Multi‐modal hand therapy vs normal activities and advice Return to normal occupations ‐ 4 weeks after completion of treatment (6 weeks post surgery) · people who have had carpal tunnel release surgery Rehabilitation following carpal tunnel release (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.02 [0.89, 1.17] | 1 study · 150 participants | Low |
Multi‐modal hand therapy vs normal activities and advice Return to normal occupations ‐ 6 weeks after completion of treatment (8 weeks post surgery) · people who have had carpal tunnel release surgery Rehabilitation following carpal tunnel release (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.04 [0.97, 1.12] | 1 study · 150 participants | Low |
Multi‐modal hand therapy vs normal activities and advice Adverse effects · people who have had carpal tunnel release surgery Rehabilitation following carpal tunnel release (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.53 [0.05, 5.69] | 1 study · 150 participants | Moderate |
Corticosteroids vs placebo Improvement in sensory nerve function at 1 year Defined as a reduction in sensory score by 3 or more points from baseline · people with nerve damage (< 6 months' duration) in leprosy Corticosteroids for treating nerve damage in leprosy (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.01 [0.81, 1.27] | 1 study · 75 participants | Moderate |
Corticosteroids vs placebo Change in nerve pain and in nerve tenderness at 1 year ‐ not reported · people with nerve damage (6 to 24 months' duration) in leprosy Corticosteroids for treating nerve damage in leprosy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Corticosteroids vs placebo Limitations in activities of daily living at 1 year ‐ not reported · people with nerve damage (6 to 24 months' duration) in leprosy Corticosteroids for treating nerve damage in leprosy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Corticosteroids vs placebo Limitations in participation at 1 year ‐ not reported · people with nerve damage (6 to 24 months' duration) in leprosy Corticosteroids for treating nerve damage in leprosy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Corticosteroids vs placebo Adverse events Assessed as adverse events requiring withdrawal of treatment · people with nerve damage (6 to 24 months' duration) in leprosy Corticosteroids for treating nerve damage in leprosy (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.87 [0.33, 10.64] | 1 study · 92 participants | Moderate |
Corticosteroids vs placebo Improvement in motor nerve function at 1 year ‐ not reported · people with nerve damage (< 6 months' duration) in leprosy Corticosteroids for treating nerve damage in leprosy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Corticosteroids vs placebo Change in nerve pain and in nerve tenderness at 1 year ‐ not reported · people with nerve damage (< 6 months' duration) in leprosy Corticosteroids for treating nerve damage in leprosy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Corticosteroids vs placebo Limitations in activities of daily living at 1 year ‐ not reported · people with nerve damage (< 6 months' duration) in leprosy Corticosteroids for treating nerve damage in leprosy (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |