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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,956 questions in 143 reviews · Musculoskeletal
current versionsNo studies 555 · 28.4%Ungraded 107 · 5.5%Very low 255 · 13%Low 555 · 28.4%Moderate 357 · 18.3%High 127 · 6.5%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Intervention NR Anxiety. HADS scale of 0‐21. Lower score indicated lower anxiety levels. Mean duration of · people with chronic hip, knee or hip and knee osteoarthritis Exercise interventions and patient beliefs for people with hip, knee or hip and knee osteoarthritis: a mixed… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 704 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR SF‐36 social function. Domain of SF‐36 considered representative of quality of life: mental health domain largely covered by depression and anxiety above: scale of 0‐100. Higher score indicated improved social function. Mean duration of · people with chronic hip, knee or hip and knee osteoarthritis Exercise interventions and patient beliefs for people with hip, knee or hip and knee osteoarthritis: a mixed… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 576 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Adverse effects of treatment · people with chronic hip, knee or hip and knee osteoarthritis Exercise interventions and patient beliefs for people with hip, knee or hip and knee osteoarthritis: a mixed… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Corticosteroids (dexamethasone) vs placebo Pain ‐ absence of pain at 12 months · septic arthritis in children taking antibiotics Corticosteroids for septic arthritis in children (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.33 [1.03, 1.72] | 1 study · 49 participants | Low |
Corticosteroids (dexamethasone) vs placebo Activities of daily living · septic arthritis in children taking antibiotics Corticosteroids for septic arthritis in children (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Corticosteroids (dexamethasone) vs placebo Number of participants with normal physical joint function ‐ normal function at 12 months of · septic arthritis in children taking antibiotics Corticosteroids for septic arthritis in children (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.32 [1.12, 1.57] | 1 study · 100 participants | Low |
Corticosteroids (dexamethasone) vs placebo Number of days of antibiotic treatment ‐ number of days of intravenous antibiotic treatment · septic arthritis in children taking antibiotics Corticosteroids for septic arthritis in children (2018) · Cochrane | MD 2.77 | 2 studies · 149 participants | Low |
Corticosteroids (dexamethasone) vs placebo Length of hospital stay · septic arthritis in children taking antibiotics Corticosteroids for septic arthritis in children (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Corticosteroids (dexamethasone) vs placebo Total adverse events at 12 months · septic arthritis in children taking antibiotics Corticosteroids for septic arthritis in children (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 49 participants | Low |
Corticosteroids (dexamethasone) vs placebo Serious adverse events at 12 months · septic arthritis in children taking antibiotics Corticosteroids for septic arthritis in children (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 49 participants | Low |
Acupuncture vs sham acupuncture Pain (short‐term) WOMAC scale from: 0 to 100 (higher is worse pain). · patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 105 participants | Moderate |
Acupuncture as an addition to the routine primary care that trial participants were receiving from their physicians vs routine primary physician care alone Quality of life (physical component) (short‐term) SF‐36 physical component scale from 0 to 100 (higher is better quality of life). · Patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 137 participants | Low |
Acupuncture as an addition to the routine primary care that trial participants were receiving from their physicians vs routine primary physician care alone Quality of life (mental component) (short‐term) SF‐36 physical component scale from 0 to 100 (higher is better quality of life). · Patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 137 participants | Low |
Acupuncture as an addition to the routine primary care that trial participants were receiving from their physicians vs routine primary physician care alone Number of patients experiencing adverse events · Patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture as an addition to the routine primary care that trial participants were receiving from their physicians vs routine primary physician care alone Withdrawals due to adverse events · Patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture as an addition to the routine primary care that trial participants were receiving from their physicians vs routine primary physician care alone Serious adverse events · Patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture vs advice plus exercise Outcomesa · patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture vs advice plus exercise Pain (short‐term) · patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture vs advice plus exercise Function (short‐term) · patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture vs advice plus exercise Symptom severity (modified WOMAC total) (range 0‐1,600, with lower scores indicating decrease in symptom severity) · patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 28 participants | Very low |
Acupuncture vs advice plus exercise Number of patients experiencing adverse events · patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture vs sham acupuncture Function (short‐term) WOMAC scale from: 0 to 100 (higher is worse function). · patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 105 participants | Moderate |
Acupuncture vs advice plus exercise Withdrawals due to adverse events · patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture vs advice plus exercise Serious adverse events · patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture as an addition to patient education vs patient education alone Pain (short‐term) VAS scale from: 0 to 100 (higher is worse pain). · Patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 25 participants | Ungraded |
Acupuncture as an addition to patient education vs patient education alone Function (short‐term) DRI scale from: 0 to 100 (higher is worse function). · Patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 25 participants | Ungraded |
Acupuncture as an addition to patient education vs patient education alone Quality of life (short‐term) GSI scale from 0 to 10 (higher is worse quality of life). · Patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 25 participants | Ungraded |
Acupuncture as an addition to patient education vs patient education alone Number of patients experiencing adverse events · Patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture as an addition to patient education vs patient education alone Withdrawals due to adverse events · Patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture as an addition to patient education vs patient education alone Serious adverse events · Patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture vs NSAIDs Outcomesa · patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture vs NSAIDs Pain (short‐term) VAS scale from: 0 to 100 (higher is worse pain). · patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Very low |
Acupuncture vs sham acupuncture Quality of life · patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture vs NSAIDs Function (short‐term) Harris function score from: 0 to 47 (higher is better function). · patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Very low |
Acupuncture vs NSAIDs Quality of life · patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture vs NSAIDs Number of patients experiencing adverse events · patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture vs NSAIDs Withdrawals due to adverse events · patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture vs NSAIDs Serious adverse events · patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture vs sham acupuncture Number of patients experiencing adverse events · patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture vs sham acupuncture Withdrawals due to adverse events · patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture vs sham acupuncture Serious adverse events · patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture as an addition to the routine primary care that trial participants were receiving from their physicians vs routine primary physician care alone Outcomesa · Patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture as an addition to the routine primary care that trial participants were receiving from their physicians vs routine primary physician care alone Pain (short‐term) WOMAC scale from: 0 to 100 (higher is worse pain). · Patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 137 participants | Low |
Acupuncture as an addition to the routine primary care that trial participants were receiving from their physicians vs routine primary physician care alone Function (short‐term) WOMAC scale from: 0 to 100 (higher is worse function). · Patients with hip osteoarthritis Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 137 participants | Low |
Calcium channel blockers vs placebo Frequency of attacks Average number of attacks/week · patients with Raynaud's phenomenon Calcium channel blockers for primary and secondary Raynaud's phenomenon (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 23 studies · 528 participants | Moderate |
Calcium channel blockers vs placebo Duration of attacks Average duration per attack measured in minutes · patients with Raynaud's phenomenon Calcium channel blockers for primary and secondary Raynaud's phenomenon (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 69 participants | Low |
Calcium channel blockers vs placebo Severity of attacks Average severity per attack assessed on a 10‐cm visual analogue scale (0 = no symptoms, 10 = maximal severity) · patients with Raynaud's phenomenon Calcium channel blockers for primary and secondary Raynaud's phenomenon (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 18 studies · 415 participants | Moderate |
Calcium channel blockers vs placebo Pain Average pain per attack, measured on a 10‐cm visual analogue scale (0 = no pain, 10 = maximal pain) · patients with Raynaud's phenomenon Calcium channel blockers for primary and secondary Raynaud's phenomenon (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 62 participants | Low |
Calcium channel blockers vs placebo Patient global Disability due to Raynaud's assessed on a 10‐cm visual analogue scale (0 = no disability, 10 = maximal disability) · patients with Raynaud's phenomenon Calcium channel blockers for primary and secondary Raynaud's phenomenon (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 92 participants | Moderate |
Calcium channel blockers vs placebo Number of withdrawals due to adverse events Number of participants who dropped out of studies owing to adverse treatment effects · patients with Raynaud's phenomenon Calcium channel blockers for primary and secondary Raynaud's phenomenon (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.3 [0.51, 3.33] | 2 studies · 63 participants | Low |