Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,756 questions · 13,493 findings · 1,305 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 2,594 · 19.2%GRADE not reported 728 · 5.4%Very low 2,868 · 21.3%Low 3,777 · 28%Moderate 2,620 · 19.4%High 906 · 6.7%

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Dual therapy (angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors plus angiotensin receptor blockers) vs placebo or no treatment

Fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction · people with diabetes and kidney disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Dual therapy (angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors plus angiotensin receptor blockers) vs placebo or no treatment

Micro‐ to normoalbuminuria6 · people with diabetes and kidney disease

It is very uncertain whether dual therapy (angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors plus… changes micro‐ to normoalbuminuria6 compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs placebo or no treatment

Doubling of SCr Median · people with diabetes and kidney disease

It is very uncertain whether angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors changes doubling of SCr Median compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs placebo or no treatment

Fatal or nonfatal stroke · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors showed no clear difference in fatal or nonfatal stroke Median compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs placebo or no treatment

Fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors showed no clear difference in fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction Median compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs placebo or no treatment

Micro‐ to macroalbuminuria Median · people with diabetes and kidney disease

It is very uncertain whether angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors changes micro‐ to macroalbuminuria Median compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs placebo or no treatment

Micro‐ to normoalbuminuria Median · people with diabetes and kidney disease

It is very uncertain whether angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors changes micro‐ to normoalbuminuria Median compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs placebo or no treatment

Death (all causes) · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers showed no clear difference in all‐cause death Median compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs placebo or no treatment

Cardiovascular mortality · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers showed no clear difference in cardiovascular death Median compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table – disulfiram vs placebo or no pharmacological treatment

Continuous abstinence from cocaine (number of participants who had achieved and maintained abstinence for at least three weeks at the end of treatment) · patients with the treatment of cocaine dependence

Summary of findings table – disulfiram showed no clear difference in continuous abstinence from cocaine (number of participants who had… compared with placebo or no pharmacological treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table – disulfiram vs placebo or no pharmacological treatment

Point abstinence (number of participants who were abstinent at the end of the treatment) · patients with the treatment of cocaine dependence

Summary of findings table – disulfiram may leads to higher point abstinence (number of participants who were abstinent at the… compared with placebo or no pharmacological treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review