Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,155 questions · 1,191 findings · 195 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 209 · 17.5%GRADE not reported 51 · 4.3%Very low 256 · 21.5%Low 273 · 22.9%Moderate 284 · 23.8%High 118 · 9.9%

Intervention not reported

"Moderate" benefit At least 30% reduction in pain · adults with peripheral neuropathic pain conditions

1 finding from 1 review

Topical lidocaine for neuropathic pain in adults 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 58 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Patient Global Impression of Change much or very much improved (PGPR "complete", "a lot", or "moderate") · adults with neuropathic pain (3 studies in painful diabetic neuropathy and postherpetic neuralgia)

1 finding from 1 review

Desipramine for neuropathic pain in adults 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 50 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Moderate dose SSRI versus placebo Luteal or continuous administration · women with premenstrual syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for premenstrual syndrome 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 1276 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Moderate dose SSRI versus placebo Luteal administration · women with premenstrual syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for premenstrual syndrome 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 457 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Moderate dose SSRI versus placebo Continuous administration · women with premenstrual syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for premenstrual syndrome 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 843 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Moderate dose SSRI versus placebo Luteal administration2 · women with premenstrual syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for premenstrual syndrome 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 657 participants
Moderate

Strong opioids vs placebo

At least 30% reduction in pain · adults with chronic low‐back pain

Strong opioids probably leads to higher at least 30% of pain relief or moderate relief compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Opioids compared to placebo or other treatments for chronic low‐back pain 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.91 [1.41, 2.58]
3 studies · 819 participants
Moderate

Topiramate 200 to 400 mg vs placebo

Participant‐reported pain relief of 30% or greater · neuropathic pain (two studies found in painful diabetic neuropathy, and one in lumbar radiculopathy)

1 finding from 1 review

Topiramate for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 317 participants
GRADE not reported

Long‐acting beta2‐agonists vs placebo

Moderate exacerbations (course of antibiotics or oral steroids) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Long‐acting beta2‐agonists probably leads to lower moderate exacerbations (course of antibiotics or oral steroids) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Long‐acting beta₂‐agonists for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.73 [0.61, 0.87]
7 studies · 3375 participants
Moderate

Long‐acting beta2‐agonists vs placebo

Moderate‐to‐severe exacerbations (rate) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Long‐acting beta2‐agonists showed no clear difference in severe/moderate exacerbations (hospitalisation or course of… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Long‐acting beta₂‐agonists for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.88 [0.76, 1.02]
7 studies · 3968 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Moderately severe anaemia · Children aged less than 5 years

The intervention probably leads to lower moderately severe anaemia (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in children living in areas with seasonal transmission 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
Risk Ratio 0.71 [0.52, 0.98]
5 studies · 8805 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

"Moderate" benefit At least 30% reduction in pain · painful diabetic neuropathy

1 finding from 1 review

Lacosamide for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
715 participants
Low

IV + inhaled beta agonist vs inhaled beta‐agonist

Clinical Failure (children with a severe to moderate overall clinical assessment score at two hours) · patients with acute asthma

IV + inhaled beta agonist probably leads to lower clinical Failure (children with a severe to moderate overall… compared with inhaled beta‐agonist (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Addition of intravenous beta₂‐agonists to inhaled beta₂‐agonists for acute asthma 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.09 [0.02, 0.38]
1 study · 29 participants
Moderate

Cryopreservation vs fresh embryos transfer

Moderate or severe OHSS · patients with risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

Cryopreservation showed no clear difference in moderate and or severe OHSS compared with fresh embryos transfer (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Embryo freezing for preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome 2007 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.12 [0.01, 2.29]
1 study · 125 participants
Low

Cryopreservation vs albumin

Moderate or severe OHSS · patients with risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

It is very uncertain whether cryopreservation changes moderate and or severe OHSS compared with intra‐venous albumin (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Embryo freezing for preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome 2007 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 5.33 [0.51, 56.24]
1 study · 26 participants
Very low

Potent vs moderate‐potency topical corticosteroid

Patient‐reported symptoms of eczema · children and adults, most with moderate to severe eczema

Potent may leads to lower patient‐reported symptoms of eczema: PGA; short‐term (week 1) compared with moderate‐potency topical corticosteroid (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Strategies for using topical corticosteroids in children and adults with eczema 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 192 participants
Low

Potent vs moderate‐potency topical corticosteroid

Local adverse events: skin thinning; end of treatment (1 to 3 weeks) · children and adults, most with moderate to severe eczema

1 finding from 1 review

Strategies for using topical corticosteroids in children and adults with eczema 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
10 studies · 541 participants
Low

Potent vs moderate‐potency topical corticosteroid

Systemic adverse events: abnormal cortisol; end of treatment (1‐6 weeks) · children and adults, most with moderate to severe eczema

1 finding from 1 review

Strategies for using topical corticosteroids in children and adults with eczema 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 99 participants
Very low

Potent vs moderate‐potency topical corticosteroid

Clinician‐reported signs of eczema: IGA (number with cleared or marked improvement); short term (earliest time point within 1‐4 weeks) · children and adults, most with moderate to severe eczema

Potent showed no clear difference in clinician‐reported signs of eczema: IGA (number with cleared or… compared with moderate‐potency topical corticosteroid (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Strategies for using topical corticosteroids in children and adults with eczema 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.33 [0.93, 1.89]
15 studies · 1173 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Cognitive rehabilitation vs inactive control

Functional ability in targeted activities: personal goals ‐ performance (participant self‐report) · people with mild‐to‐moderate dementia (at the end of therapy)

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive rehabilitation for people with mild to moderate dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 501 participants
High