Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,908 questions · 3,101 findings · 509 reviews

No studies found 571 · 18.4%GRADE not reported 358 · 11.5%Very low 723 · 23.3%Low 854 · 27.5%Moderate 489 · 15.8%High 106 · 3.4%

Intervention not reported

Incident dementia ‐ not measured · adults with cognitive impairment/dementia and cognitively intact populations

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Composite cognitive function6 (change over 16 weeks) · adults with cognitive impairment/dementia and cognitively intact populations
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Mortality (at 3 to 4 months' · adults with cognitive impairment/dementia and cognitively intact populations

The intervention showed no clear difference in mortality (at 3 to 4 months' (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Cardiovascular events (at 3 to 4 months' · adults with cognitive impairment/dementia and cognitively intact populations

The intervention showed no clear difference in cardiovascular events (at 3 to 4 months' (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Falls ‐ not measured · adults with cognitive impairment/dementia and cognitively intact populations

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Hospitalisations (at 4 months' · adults with cognitive impairment/dementia and cognitively intact populations

The intervention showed no clear difference in hospitalisations (at 4 months' (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Calcium supplementation/fortification vs placebo or no intervention

Gestational age (preterm birth < 37 weeks) · healthy pregnant women receiving calcium supplementation vs placebo or no treatment

Calcium supplementation showed no clear difference in preterm birth (a) Birth prior to 37 weeks compared with placebo or no treatment (maternal outcomes) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Calcium supplementation/fortification vs placebo or no intervention

Preterm birth less than 34 weeks' gestation · healthy pregnant women receiving calcium supplementation vs placebo or no treatment

Calcium supplementation showed no clear difference in preterm birth (b) Birth prior to 34 weeks compared with placebo or no treatment (maternal outcomes) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Calcium supplementation/fortification vs placebo or no intervention

Low birthweight · healthy pregnant women receiving calcium supplementation vs placebo or no treatment

Calcium supplementation showed no clear difference in low birthweight (< 2500 g) compared with placebo or no treatment (maternal outcomes) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Functional exercise capacity Multiple different outcome measures used SF‐36 PF and AT (at 9 and 26 weeks) (Batterham 2014) SF‐36 PF and 6MWT (at 8 and 26 weeks) (Elliott 2011) ABC, Katz, TUAG (at 3 months) (Jackson 2012) SF‐36 PCS ( · adult survivors of critical illness
1 finding from 1 review