Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

405 questions · 407 findings · 32 reviews · Airways

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No studies found 31 · 7.6%GRADE not reported 25 · 6.1%Very low 27 · 6.6%Low 122 · 30%Moderate 148 · 36.4%High 54 · 13.3%

Intervention not reported

Total studies: 7 RCTs Total Participants: 10453 · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 10453 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

HD‐ICS/LABA (Direct evidence; 3 RCTs; 3700 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 3700 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Severe exacerbations ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 815(1 RCT)

The intervention showed no clear difference in severe exacerbations ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants:… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.57 [0.17, 1.93]
1 study · 815 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

MD‐TRIPLE (Direct evidence; 3 RCTs; 3063 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 3063 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

HD‐TRIPLE (Direct evidence; 2 RCTs; 1916 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1916 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

MD‐ICS/LABA · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Total studies: 5 RCTs Total Participants: 7391 · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 7391 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

HD‐ICS/LABA (Direct evidence; 2 RCTs; 2817 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 2817 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

MD‐TRIPLE (Direct evidence; 2 RCTs; 2237 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 2237 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

HD‐TRIPLE (Direct evidence; 1 RCT; 1088 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1088 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

MD‐ICS/LABA · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Outcome№ of participants(studies)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

ACQ responders at 6 months ‐ HD‐ICS/LABA vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 3700(3 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in ACQ responders at 6 months ‐ HD‐ICS/LABA vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.02 [0.96, 1.08]
3 studies · 6 participants
Moderate

Effects of different delivery devices on growth in children with persistent asthma: hydrofluoroalkane‐metered dose inhaler beclomethasone vs beclomethasone

Linear growth velocity (cm/year) · children up to 18 years of age with persistent asthma

Effects of different delivery devices on growth in children with… showed no clear difference in linear growth velocity (cm/year) compared with chlorofluorocarbon‐metered dose inhaler beclomethasone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled corticosteroids in children with persistent asthma: effects of different drugs and delivery devices on growth 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 212 participants
Low

Effects of different delivery devices on growth in children with persistent asthma: Easyhaler‐budesonide vs Turbuhaler‐budesonide

Change in height · children up to 18 years of age with persistent asthma

Effects of different delivery devices on growth in children with… may leads to higher change in height (cm) over a period of time compared with turbuhaler‐budesonide (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled corticosteroids in children with persistent asthma: effects of different drugs and delivery devices on growth 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 0.37 [0.12, 0.62]
1 study · 229 participants
Low

Once‐daily ICS/LABA combined inhalers vs once‐daily LAMA

Mortality (all‐cause) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether once‐daily ICS/LABA combined inhalers changes mortality (all‐cause) compared with once‐daily LAMA (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Once‐daily long‐acting beta₂‐agonists/inhaled corticosteroids combined inhalers versus inhaled long‐acting muscarinic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.2 [0.02, 1.73]
2 studies · 880 participants
Very low

Once‐daily ICS/LABA combined inhalers vs once‐daily LAMA

Pneumonia · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether once‐daily ICS/LABA combined inhalers changes pneumonia compared with once‐daily LAMA (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Once‐daily long‐acting beta₂‐agonists/inhaled corticosteroids combined inhalers versus inhaled long‐acting muscarinic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 6.12 [0.73, 51.24]
2 studies · 880 participants
Very low

Once‐daily ICS/LABA combined inhalers vs once‐daily LAMA

Quality of life · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Once‐daily long‐acting beta₂‐agonists/inhaled corticosteroids combined inhalers versus inhaled long‐acting muscarinic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 779 participants
Very low

Once‐daily ICS/LABA combined inhalers vs once‐daily LAMA

Hospital admissions · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether once‐daily ICS/LABA combined inhalers changes hospital admissions (all‐cause) compared with once‐daily LAMA (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Once‐daily long‐acting beta₂‐agonists/inhaled corticosteroids combined inhalers versus inhaled long‐acting muscarinic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.96 [0.49, 1.89]
2 studies · 880 participants
Very low

Once‐daily ICS/LABA combined inhalers vs once‐daily LAMA

Exacerbations leading to intubation · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Once‐daily long‐acting beta₂‐agonists/inhaled corticosteroids combined inhalers versus inhaled long‐acting muscarinic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found