Withdrawals due to adverse events
Beta‐blockers showed no clear difference in withdrawal due to adverse effect compared with calcium‐channel blockers (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Total cardiovascular disease
Beta‐blockers may leads to lower total cardiovascular disease compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Stroke
Beta‐blockers may leads to lower total stroke compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Total coronary heart disease
Beta‐blockers showed no clear difference in total coronary heart disease compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Withdrawals due to adverse events
Beta‐blockers showed no clear difference in withdrawal due to adverse effect compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Total mortality
Beta‐blockers showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with diuretics (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Total cardiovascular disease
Beta‐blockers showed no clear difference in total cardiovascular disease compared with diuretics (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Stroke
Beta‐blockers showed no clear difference in total stroke compared with diuretics (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Total coronary heart disease
Beta‐blockers showed no clear difference in total coronary heart disease compared with diuretics (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Mortality during hospital stay · neonates requiring intubation and ventilation
The intervention showed no clear difference in mortality during hospital stay (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Length of NICU stay (days) · neonates requiring intubation and ventilation
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
PIPP score during drug infusion Range of scale 0‐21 for infants < 28 weeks' PMA and 0‐18 for infants > 36 weeks' PMA. Lower score = less pain (Stevens 1996) · neonates requiring intubation and ventilation
The intervention showed no clear difference in PIPP score during drug infusion Range of scale 0‐21 for infants < 28… (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Poor neurological outcome by 28 days' postnatal age · neonates requiring intubation and ventilation
The intervention showed no clear difference in poor neurological outcome by 28 days' postnatal age (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
PIPP score during drug infusion Range of scale 0‐21 for infants < 28 weeks' PMA and 0‐18 for infants > 36 weeks' PMA. Lower score = less pain (Stevens 1996) · neonates requiring intubation and ventilation
The intervention showed no clear difference in PIPP score during drug infusion Range of scale 0‐21 for infants < 28… (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Poor neurological outcome by 28 days' postnatal age · neonates requiring intubation and ventilation
The intervention probably leads to higher poor neurological outcome by 28 days' postnatal age (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Mortality · people with severe traumatic brain injury (adults and children)
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Intracranial pressure (ICP) · people with severe traumatic brain injury (adults and children)
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) · people with severe traumatic brain injury (adults and children)
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Quality of life; Glasgow Coma Score; Disability · people with severe traumatic brain injury (adults and children)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Adverse events · people with severe traumatic brain injury (adults and children)
1 finding from 1 review