Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,721 questions · 19,640 findings · 2,039 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 3,754 · 19.1%GRADE not reported 1,273 · 6.5%Very low 4,859 · 24.7%Low 5,568 · 28.4%Moderate 3,240 · 16.5%High 946 · 4.8%

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IVIg vs prednisolone

Length of hospital stay · people undergoing initial treatment for KD

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of Kawasaki disease 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

IVIg vs prednisolone

Mortality (all‐cause) (up to 30 days) · people undergoing initial treatment for KD

1 finding from 1 review

Intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of Kawasaki disease 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 90 participants
Low

'As needed' administration (e.g. based on pain scales) vs 'as scheduled' administration (e.g. a predefined time interval)

Major neurodevelopmental disability in children aged 18 to 24 months or three to five years old ‐ not reported · postoperative pain in neonates

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic opioid regimens for postoperative pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

'As needed' administration (e.g. based on pain scales) vs 'as scheduled' administration (e.g. a predefined time interval)

Cognitive and educational outcomes in children more than five years old ‐ not reported · postoperative pain in neonates

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic opioid regimens for postoperative pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

'As needed' administration (e.g. based on pain scales) vs 'as scheduled' administration (e.g. a predefined time interval)

Severe (grade 3 or greater) intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) on cranial ultrasound ‐ not reported · postoperative pain in neonates

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic opioid regimens for postoperative pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

'As needed' administration (e.g. based on pain scales) vs 'as scheduled' administration (e.g. a predefined time interval)

Pain · postoperative pain in neonates

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic opioid regimens for postoperative pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

'As needed' administration (e.g. based on pain scales) vs 'as scheduled' administration (e.g. a predefined time interval)

All‐cause mortality during initial hospitalization ‐ not reported · postoperative pain in neonates

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic opioid regimens for postoperative pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Phacoemulsification vs laser peripheral iridotomy

Proportion of participants with IOP control (higher number of events is better) · Participants with acute primary angle closure after initial medical treatment to lower intraocular pressure

Phacoemulsification may leads to higher proportion of participants with IOP control (higher number of events… compared with laser peripheral iridotomy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lens extraction versus laser peripheral iridotomy for acute primary angle closure 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.66 [1.28, 2.15]
2 studies · 97 participants
Low

Phacoemulsification vs laser peripheral iridotomy

Proportion of participants requiring further IOP‐lowering interventions (additional surgery, medications, or both) (lower number of events is better) · Participants with acute primary angle closure after initial medical treatment to lower intraocular pressure

It is very uncertain whether phacoemulsification changes proportion of participants requiring further IOP‐lowering… compared with laser peripheral iridotomy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lens extraction versus laser peripheral iridotomy for acute primary angle closure 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.07 [0.01, 0.51]
2 studies · 99 participants
Very low

Phacoemulsification vs laser peripheral iridotomy

Proportion of participants with 1 or more recurrent APAC episodes in the same eye (lower number of events is better) · Participants with acute primary angle closure after initial medical treatment to lower intraocular pressure

It is very uncertain whether phacoemulsification changes proportion of participants with 1 or more recurrent APAC episodes in… compared with laser peripheral iridotomy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lens extraction versus laser peripheral iridotomy for acute primary angle closure 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.32 [0.01, 7.3]
1 study · 37 participants
Very low

Phacoemulsification vs laser peripheral iridotomy

Mean number of antiglaucoma medications at 1‐year · Participants with acute primary angle closure after initial medical treatment to lower intraocular pressure

1 finding from 1 review

Lens extraction versus laser peripheral iridotomy for acute primary angle closure 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 60 participants
Low

Phacoemulsification vs laser peripheral iridotomy

Mean IOP ( · Participants with acute primary angle closure after initial medical treatment to lower intraocular pressure

1 finding from 1 review

Lens extraction versus laser peripheral iridotomy for acute primary angle closure 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 62 participants
Low

Phacoemulsification vs laser peripheral iridotomy

Mean change in angle findings, measured by any method · Participants with acute primary angle closure after initial medical treatment to lower intraocular pressure

1 finding from 1 review

Lens extraction versus laser peripheral iridotomy for acute primary angle closure 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 94 participants
Very low

Phacoemulsification vs laser peripheral iridotomy

Adverse effects · Participants with acute primary angle closure after initial medical treatment to lower intraocular pressure

1 finding from 1 review

Lens extraction versus laser peripheral iridotomy for acute primary angle closure 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 99 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Component · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological and electronic cigarette interventions for smoking cessation in adults: component network meta‐analyses 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Nicotine tapering · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…

The intervention showed no clear difference in nicotine tapering (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological and electronic cigarette interventions for smoking cessation in adults: component network meta‐analyses 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.14 [1, 1.29]
111 studies · 33156 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Varenicline · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…

The intervention leads to higher varenicline (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological and electronic cigarette interventions for smoking cessation in adults: component network meta‐analyses 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 2.33 [2.02, 2.68]
67 studies · 16430 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Cytisine · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…

The intervention leads to higher cytisine (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological and electronic cigarette interventions for smoking cessation in adults: component network meta‐analyses 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 2.21 [1.66, 2.97]
7 studies · 3848 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Nicotine patch · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…

The intervention leads to higher nicotine patch (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological and electronic cigarette interventions for smoking cessation in adults: component network meta‐analyses 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.37 [1.2, 1.56]
105 studies · 37319 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Fast‐acting NRT (nicotine other) · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…

The intervention leads to higher fast‐acting NRT (nicotine other) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological and electronic cigarette interventions for smoking cessation in adults: component network meta‐analyses 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.41 [1.29, 1.55]
120 studies · 31756 participants
High