Pain (dichotomous) Pain improved (definitions varied)c · people with radicular low back pain (not due to spinal stenosis)
Systemic corticosteroids showed no clear difference in pain (dichotomous) Pain improved (definitions varied)c compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Function (continuous) SMD (scales varied) · people with radicular low back pain (not due to spinal stenosis)
1 finding from 1 review
Function (dichotomous) Function improved (definitions varied)f · people with radicular low back pain (not due to spinal stenosis)
Systemic corticosteroids probably leads to higher function (dichotomous) Function improved (definitions varied)f compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Surgery Number of participants who underwent surgery · people with radicular low back pain (not due to spinal stenosis)
Systemic corticosteroids showed no clear difference in participants who underwent surgery Underwent surgery compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality or serious adverse events requiring hospital admission · people with radicular low back pain (not due to spinal stenosis)
It is very uncertain whether systemic corticosteroids changes participants who experienced a serious adverse event Adverse event… compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Participants with hyperglycemia "Transient hyperglycemia" or blood sugar increase ≥ 50 mg/dL · people with radicular low back pain (not due to spinal stenosis)
Systemic corticosteroids showed no clear difference in participants with hyperglycemia "Transient hyperglycemia" or blood… compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · people with non‐radicular low back pain
1 finding from 1 review
Pain (dichotomous) No pain in last 24 hours · people with non‐radicular low back pain
Systemic corticosteroids showed no clear difference in pain (dichotomous) No pain in last 24 hours compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Surgical site infection · women with urinary stress incontinence undergoing continence surgery
It is very uncertain whether prophylactic antibiotics (single or combined drugs) changes number of surgical site infections (SSIs) before discharge compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of major adverse effects defined by the study, before discharge · women with urinary stress incontinence undergoing continence surgery
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Number of symptomatic UTIs or bacteriuria before discharge · women with urinary stress incontinence undergoing continence surgery
It is very uncertain whether prophylactic antibiotics (single or combined drugs) changes number of symptomatic UTIs or bacteriuria before discharge compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Febrile morbidity · women with urinary stress incontinence undergoing continence surgery
It is very uncertain whether prophylactic antibiotics (single or combined drugs) changes number of women with febrile morbidity at hospital discharge compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of women with sepsis or bacteraemia at hospital discharge · women with urinary stress incontinence undergoing continence surgery
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Mesh exposure · women with urinary stress incontinence undergoing continence surgery
It is very uncertain whether prophylactic antibiotics (single or combined drugs) changes number of mesh exposures within six weeks after the operation compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of susceptible participants who did not experience any motion sickness symptoms under natural conditions Assessed by: self‐reported questionnaires6,7 · patients with motion sickness
Antihistamines probably leads to higher proportion of susceptible participants who did not experience any… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of susceptible participants who did not experience any motion sickness symptoms under experimental conditions Assessed by: calculated based on head movements tolerated (rotating chair); MSAQ · patients with motion sickness
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of susceptible participants who experienced a reduction or resolution of existing motion sickness symptoms · patients with motion sickness
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Physiological measures: heart rate and core temperature · patients with motion sickness
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Physiological measures: gastric tachyarrhythmia10 Assessed by: electrogastrography · patients with motion sickness
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects: 1. Sedation · patients with motion sickness
Antihistamines may leads to higher adverse effects: sedation Assessed by: adverse effect questionnaire… compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review