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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
2,325 questions in 216 reviews · Airways
current versionsNo studies 249 · 10.7%Ungraded 107 · 4.6%Very low 276 · 11.9%Low 751 · 32.3%Moderate 718 · 30.9%High 224 · 9.6%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Remote monitoring vs usual care Number of people experiencing 1 or more exacerbations · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 1.02 [0.67, 1.55] | 4 studies · 424 participants | Very low |
Remote monitoring vs usual care Quality of life · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Remote monitoring vs usual care SGRQ total score · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 45 participants | Very low |
Remote monitoring vs usual care CAT score · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 405 participants | Very low |
Remote monitoring vs usual care CAT total score · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 229 participants | Very low |
Remote monitoring vs usual care Symptoms of dyspnoea · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Remote monitoring vs usual care CRQ‐SAS dyspnoea symptoms score · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 70 participants | Low |
Remote monitoring plus usual care vs usual care Number of people experiencing 1 or more exacerbations · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 1.25 [0.59, 2.67] | 1 study · 108 participants | Very low |
Remote monitoring vs usual care Number of people admitted to hospital · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 1.21 [0.75, 1.94] | 2 studies · 357 participants | Very low |
Remote monitoring vs usual care Mortality · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Remote monitoring vs usual care Mortality (all‐cause) · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.68 [0.37, 1.25] | 6 studies · 798 participants | Very low |
Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care Exacerbations · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care Number of people experiencing at least 1 exacerbation/moderate to severe exacerbation · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.98 [0.74, 1.28] | 3 studies · 955 participants | Very low |
Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care Time to first exacerbation · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | HR 1.05 [0.67, 1.65] | 1 study · 166 participants | Very low |
Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care Quality of life · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care SGRQ total score · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 38 participants | Low |
Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care SGRQ total score · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 40 participants | Very low |
Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care SGRQ total score · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 203 participants | Very low |
Remote monitoring plus usual care vs usual care Quality of life · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care CAT score · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 521 participants | Very low |
Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care Dyspnoea symptoms · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care No evidence identified · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care Number of people who had at least 1 hospital admission · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.81 [0.55, 1.18] | 2 studies · 447 participants | Low |
Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care Number of people re‐admitted (all‐cause) · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.5 [0.31, 0.81] | 3 studies · 344 participants | Moderate |
Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care Mortality · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care Mortality (all‐cause) overall analysis · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.62 [0.39, 1.01] | 9 studies · 1886 participants | Very low |
Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care Adverse events: number of people with 1 or more (all‐cause) · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.91 [0.62, 1.33] | 2 studies · 485 participants | Very low |
Remote monitoring plus usual care vs usual care SGRQ total score · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 204 participants | Very low |
Remote monitoring plus usual care vs usual care SGRQ total score · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 205 participants | Very low |
Remote monitoring plus usual care vs usual care Dyspnoea symptoms · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Remote monitoring plus usual care vs usual care No evidence identified · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Remote monitoring plus usual care vs usual care Time to first hospitalisation after starting intervention · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | HR 1.08 [0.8, 1.46] | 1 study · 256 participants | Very low |
Remote monitoring plus usual care vs usual care Time to first COPD‐related re‐admission · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary… (2021) · Cochrane | HR 0.42 [0.19, 0.93] | 1 study · 106 participants | Moderate |
Digital intervention with or without routine supported self‐management vs control Impact on health behaviour: 6MWD · the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 122 participants | Very low |
Multi‐component intervention vs other intervention or routine, usual care or control treatment Adverse events: number of people experiencing an AE · the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2021) · Cochrane | OR 1.07 [0.51, 2.25] | 1 study · 166 participants | Very low |
Multi‐component intervention vs other intervention or routine, usual care or control treatment Adverse events: number of people experiencing a serious adverse event · the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.85 [0.55, 1.34] | 1 study · 319 participants | Low |
Digital intervention with or without routine supported self‐management vs control Self‐efficacy: PRAISE · the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 55 participants | Very low |
Digital intervention with or without routine supported self‐management vs control Self‐efficacy: SEMCD total · the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 42 participants | Very low |
Digital intervention with or without routine supported self‐management vs control Quality of life: CRQ total, SGRQ total or CAT · the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 123 participants | Low |
Digital intervention with or without routine supported self‐management vs control Dyspnoea symptoms: CRQ dyspnoea · the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 84 participants | Low |
Digital intervention with or without routine supported self‐management vs control Exacerbations: mean number of exacerbations · the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 69 participants | Low |
Multi‐component intervention vs other intervention or routine, usual care or control treatment Impact on health behaviour: 6MWD · the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 20 participants | Very low |
Multi‐component intervention vs other intervention or routine, usual care or control treatment Quality of life: SGRQ total · the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 241 participants | Very low |
Multi‐component intervention vs other intervention or routine, usual care or control treatment Exacerbations: number of people experiencing at least one exacerbation · the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.86 [0.58, 1.28] | 2 studies · 485 participants | Very low |
Single component intervention vs control Adherence to pharmacotherapy: number of people completing treatment · COPD Interventions to improve adherence to pharmacological therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.67 [0.22, 1.99] | 1 study · 55 participants | Low |
Multi‐component intervention vs control Adverse events: number of people experiencing adverse events (all cause or COPD‐related), serious adverse events, mortality · COPD Interventions to improve adherence to pharmacological therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (2021) · Cochrane | OR 1.05 [0.6, 1.85] | 1 study · 192 participants | Low |
Single component intervention vs control Quality of life: SGRQ total or CCQ · COPD Interventions to improve adherence to pharmacological therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 212 participants | Very low |
Single component intervention vs control Hospital service utilisation: number of people admitted to hospital (all cause) · COPD Interventions to improve adherence to pharmacological therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (2021) · Cochrane | OR 1.47 [0.75, 2.9] | 1 study · 212 participants | Very low |
Single component intervention vs control Exacerbations: number of people experiencing exacerbations · COPD Interventions to improve adherence to pharmacological therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.87 [0.51, 1.5] | 2 studies · 267 participants | Very low |
Single component intervention vs control Adverse events: number of people experiencing adverse events (all cause or COPD‐related), serious adverse events, mortality · COPD Interventions to improve adherence to pharmacological therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.92 [0.6, 1.41] | 3 studies · 404 participants | Very low |