Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

489 questions · 532 findings · 33 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 55 · 10.3%GRADE not reported 28 · 5.3%Very low 119 · 22.4%Low 167 · 31.4%Moderate 129 · 24.2%High 34 · 6.4%

Pharmacological detoxification treatment vs other pharmacological detoxification treatment

Completion of treatment · management of opium withdrawal

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological detoxification treatment changes completion of treatment: baclofen versus clonidine compared with other pharmacological detoxification treatment (very low certainty).

4 findings from 1 review
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Pharmacological detoxification treatment vs other pharmacological detoxification treatment

Withdrawal symptoms · management of opium withdrawal
4 findings from 1 review
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Pharmacological detoxification treatment vs other pharmacological detoxification treatment

Completion of treatment: clonidine versus clonidine plus amantadine, inpatient setting · management of opium withdrawal

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological detoxification treatment changes completion of treatment: clonidine versus clonidine plus amantadine,… compared with other pharmacological detoxification treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological detoxification treatment vs other pharmacological detoxification treatment

Completion of treatment: clonidine versus buprenorphine, inpatient setting · management of opium withdrawal

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological detoxification treatment changes completion of treatment: clonidine versus buprenorphine, inpatient… compared with other pharmacological detoxification treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological detoxification treatment vs other pharmacological detoxification treatment

Completion of treatment: methadone versus methadone plus gabapentin · management of opium withdrawal

Pharmacological detoxification treatment showed no clear difference in completion of treatment: methadone versus methadone plus gabapentin compared with other pharmacological detoxification treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interferon‐α alone vs standard targeted therapies

QoL · previously untreated patients with mRCC
5 findings from 1 review
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