Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,288 questions · 3,354 findings · 516 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 720 · 21.5%GRADE not reported 164 · 4.9%Very low 950 · 28.3%Low 932 · 27.8%Moderate 434 · 12.9%High 154 · 4.6%

Active NRT vs placebo ‐ rs16969968 ‐ non‐Hispanic black or African American

Abstinence at end of treatment ‐ heterozygous or homozygous minor · people who smoke

Active NRT probably leads to lower abstinence at end of treatment ‐ heterozygous or homozygous minor compared with placebo ‐ rs16969968 ‐ non‐Hispanic black or African American (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Active NRT vs placebo ‐ rs2036527 ‐ non‐Hispanic black or African American

6‐Month abstinence ‐ homozygous major · people who smoke

It is very uncertain whether active NRT changes 6‐Month abstinence ‐ homozygous major compared with placebo ‐ rs2036527 ‐ non‐Hispanic black or African American (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Active NRT vs placebo ‐ rs2036527 ‐ non‐Hispanic black or African American

6‐Month abstinence ‐ heterozygous or homozygous minor · people who smoke

Active NRT showed no clear difference in 6‐Month abstinence ‐ heterozygous or homozygous minor compared with placebo ‐ rs2036527 ‐ non‐Hispanic black or African American (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Active NRT vs placebo ‐ rs2036527 ‐ non‐Hispanic black or African American

End of treatment ‐ homozygous major · people who smoke

Active NRT showed no clear difference in end of treatment ‐ homozygous major compared with placebo ‐ rs2036527 ‐ non‐Hispanic black or African American (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Active NRT vs placebo ‐ rs2036527 ‐ non‐Hispanic black or African American

End of treatment ‐ heterozygous or homozygous minor · people who smoke

Active NRT showed no clear difference in end of treatment ‐ heterozygous or homozygous minor compared with placebo ‐ rs2036527 ‐ non‐Hispanic black or African American (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

PIPP score intra procedure Range of scale 0‐21 for infants < 28 weeks PMA and 0‐18 for infants > 36 weeks PMA A lower score = less pain (Stevens 1996; Stevens 2014a) · neonates with pain associated with orogastric tube insertion
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

PIPP score 30 seconds post procedure Range of scale 0‐21 for infants < 28 weeks PMA and 0‐18 for infants > 36 weeks PMA A lower score = less pain (Stevens 1996; Stevens 2014a) · neonates with pain associated with orogastric tube insertion
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

PIPP score 1 min post procedure Range of scale 0‐21 for infants < 28 weeks PMA and 0‐18 for infants > 36 weeks PMA A lower score = less pain (Stevens 1996; Stevens 2014a) · neonates with pain associated with orogastric tube insertion
1 finding from 1 review

Complete cure for ketoconazole vs griseofulvin

Proportion of participants with complete cure · children infected with Trichophyton

Complete cure for ketoconazole showed no clear difference in proportion of participants with complete cure compared with griseofulvin (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Psychological therapies vs tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)

Short‐term improvement Scale used (range; lower is better): Clinical Global Impression (1 to 7) Agoraphobic Cognitions Questionnaire (1 to 70) Panic Disorder Severity Scale (0 to 28) Brief Scale for Anxiety (0 to 60) · adults with panic disorder
1 finding from 1 review