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Search review questions

Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.

Limit to evidence status or GRADE (optional)

1,956 questions in 143 reviews · Musculoskeletal

current versions
No studies 555 · 28.4%Ungraded 107 · 5.5%Very low 255 · 13%Low 555 · 28.4%Moderate 357 · 18.3%High 127 · 6.5%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

QuestionEffectEvidenceStatus / GRADE
Surgical intervention vs non‐surgical intervention
Quality of life · Adults with symptomatic mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis defined as knee pain and radiographic evidence of non‐end…
Surgical interventions for symptomatic mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Methotrexate vs placebo
Disease response · psoriatic arthritis
Methotrexate for psoriatic arthritis (2019) · Cochrane
RR 1.76 [1.14, 2.7]1 study · 221 participantsLow
Methotrexate vs other DMARDs
Health‐related quality of life ‐ not measured · psoriatic arthritis
Methotrexate for psoriatic arthritis (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Methotrexate vs other DMARDs
Disease activity ‐ not measured · psoriatic arthritis
Methotrexate for psoriatic arthritis (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Methotrexate vs other DMARDs
Radiographic progression ‐ not measured · psoriatic arthritis
Methotrexate for psoriatic arthritis (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Methotrexate vs other DMARDs
Serious adverse events (leflunomide) assessed by number of events · psoriatic arthritis
Methotrexate for psoriatic arthritis (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted2 studies · 61 participantsVery low
Methotrexate vs other DMARDs
Withdrawals due to adverse events (leflunomide) assessed by number of events · psoriatic arthritis
Methotrexate for psoriatic arthritis (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted2 studies · 61 participantsVery low
Methotrexate vs other DMARDs
Serious adverse events (ciclosporin A) assessed by number of events · psoriatic arthritis
Methotrexate for psoriatic arthritis (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 35 participantsVery low
Methotrexate vs other DMARDs
Withdrawals due to adverse events (ciclosporin A) assessed by number of events · psoriatic arthritis
Methotrexate for psoriatic arthritis (2019) · Cochrane
RR 1.26 [0.33, 4.82]1 study · 35 participantsVery low
Methotrexate vs placebo
Function · psoriatic arthritis
Methotrexate for psoriatic arthritis (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 221 participantsLow
Methotrexate vs placebo
Health‐related quality of life ‐ not reported · psoriatic arthritis
Methotrexate for psoriatic arthritis (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Methotrexate vs placebo
Disease activity · psoriatic arthritis
Methotrexate for psoriatic arthritis (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 221 participantsLow
Methotrexate vs placebo
Radiographic progression ‐ not measured · psoriatic arthritis
Methotrexate for psoriatic arthritis (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Methotrexate vs placebo
Serious adverse events (SAEs) assessed by number of events · psoriatic arthritis
Methotrexate for psoriatic arthritis (2019) · Cochrane
RR 0.26 [0.03, 2.26]3 studies · 293 participantsLow
Methotrexate vs placebo
Withdrawals due to adverse events (WAEs) assessed by number of events · psoriatic arthritis
Methotrexate for psoriatic arthritis (2019) · Cochrane
RR 1.32 [0.51, 3.42]3 studies · 293 participantsLow
Methotrexate vs other DMARDs
Disease response (leflunomide) · psoriatic arthritis
Methotrexate for psoriatic arthritis (2019) · Cochrane
RR 1.05 [0.77, 1.45]1 study · 30 participantsVery low
Methotrexate vs other DMARDs
Function (leflunomide) · psoriatic arthritis
Methotrexate for psoriatic arthritis (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 31 participantsVery low
Open surgical excision vs eccentric exercises
Knee pain Scale from: 0 to 10 (0 is no pain) · adult participants with patellar tendinopathy
Surgery for patellar tendinopathy (jumper’s knee) (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 40 participantsLow
Arthroscopic surgery vs sclerosing injection
Participant global assessment of success Scale from: 0 to 100 (higher is greater satisfaction) · adult participants with patellar tendinopathy
Surgery for patellar tendinopathy (jumper’s knee) (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 50 participantsLow
Arthroscopic surgery vs sclerosing injection
Quality of life · adult participants with patellar tendinopathy
Surgery for patellar tendinopathy (jumper’s knee) (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Arthroscopic surgery vs sclerosing injection
Withdrawal rate · adult participants with patellar tendinopathy
Surgery for patellar tendinopathy (jumper’s knee) (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 40 participantsVery low
Arthroscopic surgery vs sclerosing injection
Adverse event · adult participants with patellar tendinopathy
Surgery for patellar tendinopathy (jumper’s knee) (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Arthroscopic surgery vs sclerosing injection
Tendon rupture · adult participants with patellar tendinopathy
Surgery for patellar tendinopathy (jumper’s knee) (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Open surgical excision vs eccentric exercises
Function Scale from: 0 to 100 (100 is best function) · adult participants with patellar tendinopathy
Surgery for patellar tendinopathy (jumper’s knee) (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 40 participantsLow
Open surgical excision vs eccentric exercises
Participant global assessment of success (People who perceived their pain as none) · adult participants with patellar tendinopathy
Surgery for patellar tendinopathy (jumper’s knee) (2019) · Cochrane
RR 0.71 [0.27, 1.88]1 study · 40 participantsLow
Open surgical excision vs eccentric exercises
Quality of life · adult participants with patellar tendinopathy
Surgery for patellar tendinopathy (jumper’s knee) (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Open surgical excision vs eccentric exercises
Withdrawal rate · adult participants with patellar tendinopathy
Surgery for patellar tendinopathy (jumper’s knee) (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 40 participantsLow
Open surgical excision vs eccentric exercises
Adverse event · adult participants with patellar tendinopathy
Surgery for patellar tendinopathy (jumper’s knee) (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 40 participantsVery low
Open surgical excision vs eccentric exercises
Tendon rupture · adult participants with patellar tendinopathy
Surgery for patellar tendinopathy (jumper’s knee) (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Arthroscopic surgery vs sclerosing injection
Knee pain Scale from: 0 to 100 (0 is no pain) · adult participants with patellar tendinopathy
Surgery for patellar tendinopathy (jumper’s knee) (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 50 participantsLow
Arthroscopic surgery vs sclerosing injection
Function · adult participants with patellar tendinopathy
Surgery for patellar tendinopathy (jumper’s knee) (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Paracetamol vs placebo
Mean change in pain (0–100 scale) Short term (3–12 weeks), where 0 = no pain · people with hip or knee osteoarthritis
Paracetamol versus placebo for knee and hip osteoarthritis (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted7 studies · 2355 participantsHigh
Paracetamol vs placebo
Physical function (WOMAC function 0–100) · people with hip or knee osteoarthritis
Paracetamol versus placebo for knee and hip osteoarthritis (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted7 studies · 2354 participantsHigh
Paracetamol vs placebo
Quality of life Not measured · people with hip or knee osteoarthritis
Paracetamol versus placebo for knee and hip osteoarthritis (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Paracetamol vs placebo
Withdrawals due to adverse events 24 weeks · people with hip or knee osteoarthritis
Paracetamol versus placebo for knee and hip osteoarthritis (2019) · Cochrane
RR 1.19 [0.91, 1.55]7 studies · 3023 participantsModerate
Paracetamol vs placebo
Total adverse events: number experiencing 24 weeks · people with hip or knee osteoarthritis
Paracetamol versus placebo for knee and hip osteoarthritis (2019) · Cochrane
RR 1.01 [0.92, 1.11]8 studies · 3252 participantsHigh
Paracetamol vs placebo
Liver toxicity: number experiencing abnormal liver function tests 24 weeks · people with hip or knee osteoarthritis
Paracetamol versus placebo for knee and hip osteoarthritis (2019) · Cochrane
RR 3.79 [1.94, 7.39]3 studies · 1237 participantsModerate
Paracetamol vs placebo
Serious adverse events: number experiencing 24 weeks · people with hip or knee osteoarthritis
Paracetamol versus placebo for knee and hip osteoarthritis (2019) · Cochrane
RR 1.36 [0.73, 2.53]6 studies · 3209 participantsModerate
MX exercise training vs control
HRQL FIQ Total. Scale from 0 to 100; high scores indicate worse quality of life Median length of interventions: 12 weeks · individuals with fibromyalgia
Mixed exercise training for adults with fibromyalgia (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted13 studies · 610 participantsModerate
MX exercise training vs control
Pain FIQ Pain, VAS, and SF‐36 Bodily Pain. Scale from 0 to 100; high scores indicate worse pain Median length of interventions: 12 weeks · individuals with fibromyalgia
Mixed exercise training for adults with fibromyalgia (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted15 studies · 832 participantsModerate
MX exercise training vs control
Fatigue FIQ Fatigue, VAS, and SF‐36 vitality. Scale from 0 to 100; high scores indicate worse fatigue Median length of interventions: 16 weeks · individuals with fibromyalgia
Mixed exercise training for adults with fibromyalgia (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted11 studies · 493 participantsModerate
MX exercise training vs control
Stiffness FIQ Stiffness and VAS. Scale from: 0 to 100; high scores indicate worse stiffness Median length of interventions: 12 weeks · individuals with fibromyalgia
Mixed exercise training for adults with fibromyalgia (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted5 studies · 261 participantsLow
MX exercise training vs control
Physical function FIQ Physical Function, SF‐36 Physical Function, AIMS, and HAQ. Scale converted to 0 to 100; high scores indicate worse physical function Median length of interventions: 12 weeks · individuals with fibromyalgia
Mixed exercise training for adults with fibromyalgia (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted9 studies · 477 participantsModerate
MX exercise training vs control
All‐cause withdrawal All‐cause withdrawals from studies Median length of interventions: 16 weeks · individuals with fibromyalgia
Mixed exercise training for adults with fibromyalgia (2019) · Cochrane
RR 1.02 [0.69, 1.51]19 studies · 1065 participantsModerate
MX exercise training vs control
Adverse events ‐ increase in symptoms, injuries, or serious adverse events · individuals with fibromyalgia
Mixed exercise training for adults with fibromyalgia (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRVery low
Flexibility exercise training vs aerobic exercise training
Health‐related quality of life · adults with fibromyalgia
Flexibility exercise training for adults with fibromyalgia (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted2 studies · 193 participantsVery low
Flexibility exercise training vs aerobic exercise training
Pain intensity · adults with fibromyalgia
Flexibility exercise training for adults with fibromyalgia (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted5 studies · 266 participantsVery low
Flexibility exercise training vs aerobic exercise training
Fatigue · adults with fibromyalgia
Flexibility exercise training for adults with fibromyalgia (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted2 studies · 75 participantsVery low
Flexibility exercise training vs aerobic exercise training
Stiffness · adults with fibromyalgia
Flexibility exercise training for adults with fibromyalgia (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 15 participantsVery low
Flexibility exercise training vs aerobic exercise training
Physical function · adults with fibromyalgia
Flexibility exercise training for adults with fibromyalgia (2019) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 60 participantsVery low