Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,126 questions · 1,225 findings · 111 reviews

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No studies found 235 · 19.2%GRADE not reported 260 · 21.2%Very low 207 · 16.9%Low 271 · 22.1%Moderate 177 · 14.4%High 75 · 6.1%

Vitamin E vs placebo

Executive functioning · MCI

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for preventing dementia or delaying cognitive decline in people with mild… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1 participants
Low

Vitamin E vs placebo

Quality of life ‐ not measured · MCI

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for preventing dementia or delaying cognitive decline in people with mild… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Vitamin E vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · MCI

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for preventing dementia or delaying cognitive decline in people with mild… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1 participants
GRADE not reported

B vitamins vs placebo

Cognitive function · MCI

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for preventing dementia or delaying cognitive decline in people with mild… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 488 participants
Very low

B vitamins vs placebo

Cognitive subdomain: episodic memory measured at the end of · MCI

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for preventing dementia or delaying cognitive decline in people with mild… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 397 participants
Moderate

B vitamins vs placebo

Executive function (specific cognitive function) · MCI

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for preventing dementia or delaying cognitive decline in people with mild… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 392 participants
Moderate

B vitamins vs placebo

Information processing speed · MCI

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for preventing dementia or delaying cognitive decline in people with mild… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 173 participants
Moderate

B vitamins vs placebo

Quality of life · MCI

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for preventing dementia or delaying cognitive decline in people with mild… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 138 participants
Moderate

B vitamins vs placebo

Mortality ‐ not reported · MCI

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for preventing dementia or delaying cognitive decline in people with mild… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Vitamin E vs placebo

Incidence of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease · MCI

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for preventing dementia or delaying cognitive decline in people with mild… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 516 participants
Moderate

Vitamin E vs placebo

Cognitive function · MCI

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for preventing dementia or delaying cognitive decline in people with mild… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1 participants
Low

B vitamins vs placebo

Supplementation with beta‐carotene + vit C + vit E Overall cognitive functioning · cognitively healthy people in mid and late life

6 findings from 1 review

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in mid and late… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 2556 participants
Moderate
Vitamin and mineral supplementation for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in mid and late… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 317 participants
Low
Vitamin and mineral supplementation for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in mid and late… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 6956 participants
Moderate

Show 3 more findings

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in mid and late… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 241 participants
Low
Vitamin and mineral supplementation for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in mid and late… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 3985 participants
Moderate
Vitamin and mineral supplementation for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in mid and late… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 10249 participants
Low

Vitamin D3 vs placebo

Cognitive function · cognitively healthy people in mid and late life

2 findings from 1 review

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in mid and late… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 60 participants
Moderate
Vitamin and mineral supplementation for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in mid and late… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 918 participants
Low

Vitamin D3 vs placebo

Incidence of probable dementia or MCI · cognitively healthy people in mid and late life

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in mid and late… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 4143 participants
Low

B vitamins vs placebo

Incidence of dementia or MCI · cognitively healthy people in mid and late life

B vitamins showed no clear difference in incidence of MCI or dementia > 2 to 5 years of supplementation compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in mid and late… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.89 [0.67, 1.18]
1 study · 1803 participants
Moderate

Vitamin E vs placebo

Any AMD · general population

Vitamin E showed no clear difference in any AMD compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for preventing age‐related macular degeneration 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.97 [0.9, 1.06]
4 studies · 55614 participants
High

Vitamin C vs placebo

Any AMD · general population

Vitamin C showed no clear difference in any AMD compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for preventing age‐related macular degeneration 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.96 [0.79, 1.18]
1 study · 14236 participants
High

Vitamin C vs placebo

Progression to late AMD (neovascular AMD, geographic atrophy or both) · general population

Vitamin C showed no clear difference in late AMD (either neovascular AMD or geographic atrophy or both) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for preventing age‐related macular degeneration 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.94 [0.61, 1.46]
1 study · 14236 participants
Moderate

Vitamin C vs placebo

Neovascular AMD · general population

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for preventing age‐related macular degeneration 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Vitamin C vs placebo

Geographic atrophy · general population

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for preventing age‐related macular degeneration 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found