Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

277 questions · 281 findings · 52 reviews · Developmental, Psychosocial and Learning Problems

No studies found 54 · 19.2%GRADE not reported 13 · 4.6%Very low 64 · 22.8%Low 71 · 25.3%Moderate 69 · 24.6%High 10 · 3.6%

Equivalent schedules of intradermal fractional‐dose inactivated poliovirus vaccine vs intramuscular inactivated poliovirus vaccine

Seroconversion rate (after 2 primary doses) · children

Equivalent schedules of intradermal fractional‐dose inactivated… may leads to lower seroconversion rate (after 2 primary doses) compared with intramuscular inactivated poliovirus vaccine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Equivalent schedules of intradermal fractional‐dose inactivated poliovirus vaccine vs intramuscular inactivated poliovirus vaccine

Seroconversion rate (after 3 primary doses) · children

It is very uncertain whether equivalent schedules of intradermal fractional‐dose inactivated… changes seroconversion rate (after 3 primary doses) compared with intramuscular inactivated poliovirus vaccine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic probiotics vs placebo

Occurrence of new cases of colic Measured by: Wessel/Rome III Criteria · infants without colic

Prophylactic probiotics showed no clear difference in occurrence of new cases of colic Measured by: Wessel/Rome III Criteria compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic probiotics vs placebo

Adverse effects Measured by: reporting · infants without colic

Prophylactic probiotics showed no clear difference in adverse effects Measured by: reporting compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse effects Defined as deaths, hospitalisations, congenital abnormalities and life‐threatening conditions requiring an immediate hospital visit Assessed at 12 and 18 months of age · children aged 6 to 23 months

The intervention showed no clear difference in adverse effects Defined as deaths, hospitalisations, congenital… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Moderate stunting Measured as height‐for‐age z score < −2 SD Measured at 12 months and 18 months of age · children aged 6 to 23 months

The intervention probably leads to lower moderate stunting Measured as height‐for‐age z score < −2 SD… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Severe stunting Measured as height‐for‐age z score < −3 SD Measured at 12 months and 18 months of age · children aged 6 to 23 months

The intervention showed no clear difference in severe stunting Measured as height‐for‐age z score < −3 SD Measured… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Moderate wasting Measured as weight‐for‐height z score < −2 SD Measured at 12 months and 18 months of age · children aged 6 to 23 months

The intervention probably leads to lower moderate wasting Measured as weight‐for‐height z score < −2 SD… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Severe wasting Measured as weight‐for‐height z score < −3 SD Measured at 12 months and 18 months of age · children aged 6 to 23 months

The intervention showed no clear difference in severe wasting Measured as weight‐for‐height z score < −3 SD… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Moderate underweight Measured as weight‐for‐age z score < −2 SD Measured at 12 months and 18 months of age · children aged 6 to 23 months

The intervention probably leads to lower moderate underweight Measured as weight‐for‐age z score < −2 SD… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Moderate stunting Measured as height‐for‐age z score < −2 SD Measured at 12, 18 and 24 months of age · children aged 6 to 23 months

The intervention probably leads to lower moderate stunting Measured as height‐for‐age z score < −2 SD… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Severe underweight Measured as weight‐for‐age z score < −3 SD Measured at 12 months of age · children aged 6 to 23 months

The intervention showed no clear difference in severe underweight Measured as weight‐for‐age z score < −3 SD… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review