What do systematic reviews say?

PIPP score (difference between baseline and heel lance period) · Neonates

Duration of crying (seconds) during the first 3 minutes · Neonates

PIPP (maximum score within 3 minutes following lancing) · Neonates

PIPP score in first 45 seconds of eye examination · Neonates

PIPP score 5 minutes after eye examination · Neonates

At least 30% reduction in pain · people with cancer pain

At least 50% reduction in pain · people with cancer pain

Pain no worse than mild at one or two weeks (or equivalent) · people with cancer pain

Patient Global Impression of Change much or very much improved · people with cancer pain

Serious adverse events (death) · people with cancer pain

Other adverse events · people with cancer pain

Treatment withdrawal · people with cancer pain

Participants with at least 30% or at least 50% reduction in pain · people with cancer pain

PGIC much or very much improved · people with cancer pain

Mean pain intensity at end of study · people with cancer pain

Pain no worse than mild at one or two weeks (or equivalent) · people with cancer pain

Mean quality of life or "well‐being" · people with cancer pain

Participant preference · people with cancer pain

Adverse events · people with cancer pain

Serious adverse events · people with cancer pain