Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

564 questions · 589 findings · 155 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 114 · 19.4%GRADE not reported 15 · 2.5%Very low 179 · 30.4%Low 141 · 23.9%Moderate 110 · 18.7%High 30 · 5.1%

Behavioural activation vs interpersonal, cognitive analytic, integrative

treatment acceptabilityup to 6 months (4‐12 weeks) · depression in adults

It is very uncertain whether behavioural activation changes treatment acceptabilityup to 6 months (4‐12 weeks) compared with interpersonal, cognitive analytic, integrative (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural activation vs any comparator

Acceptability · depression in adults with non‐communicable diseases

Behavioural activation showed no clear difference in treatment acceptability (short term: 2 months) compared with any comparator (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Lithium vs valproate

Acceptability: total withdrawals · acute mania

Lithium showed no clear difference in acceptability: total withdrawals compared with valproate (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review
  • Lithium for acute mania 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
    OR 1.2 [0.86, 1.69]
    5 studies · 629 participants
    High

Lithium vs lamotrigine

Acceptability: total withdrawals · acute mania

It is very uncertain whether lithium changes acceptability: total withdrawals compared with lamotrigine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review
  • Lithium for acute mania 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
    OR 0.8 [0.5, 1.29]
    3 studies · 303 participants
    Very low

Lithium vs carbamazepine

Acceptability: total withdrawals · acute mania

Lithium showed no clear difference in acceptability: total withdrawals compared with carbamazepine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lithium vs QUETIAPINE

Acceptability: total withdrawals · acute mania

It is very uncertain whether lithium changes acceptability: total withdrawals compared with quetiapine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review
  • Lithium for acute mania 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
    OR 1.38 [0.83, 2.28]
    2 studies · 359 participants
    Very low

Lithium vs OLANZAPINE

Acceptability: total withdrawals · acute mania

Lithium may leads to higher acceptability: total withdrawals compared with olanzapine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lithium vs placebo

Acceptability: total withdrawals · acute mania

Lithium showed no clear difference in acceptability: total withdrawals compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review
  • Lithium for acute mania 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
    OR 0.76 [0.46, 1.25]
    7 studies · 1353 participants
    Moderate

Lithium vs chlorpromazine

Acceptability: total withdrawals · acute mania

Lithium showed no clear difference in acceptability: total withdrawals compared with chlorpromazine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review
  • Lithium for acute mania 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
    OR 1.75 [0.92, 3.31]
    2 studies · 262 participants
    Low