What do systematic reviews say?

Bovine lung lavage surfactant extract vs porcine minced lung surfactant extract

Bovine lung lavage surfactant extract showed no clear difference in oxygen requirement at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age compared with porcine minced lung surfactant extract (low certainty).

• Comparison of animal‐derived surfactants for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.75 [0.19, 3.04]
  1 study · 54 participants
  Low

Bovine lung lavage surfactant extract vs porcine minced lung surfactant extract

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Comparison of animal‐derived surfactants for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Bovine lung lavage surfactant extract vs modified bovine minced lung surfactant extract

Bovine lung lavage surfactant extract showed no clear difference in oxygen requirement at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age compared with modified bovine minced lung surfactant extract (moderate certainty).

• Comparison of animal‐derived surfactants for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.97 [0.79, 1.19]
  1 study · 749 participants
  Moderate

Modified bovine minced lung surfactant extract vs porcine minced lung surfactant extract

Modified bovine minced lung surfactant extract showed no clear difference in oxygen requirement at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age compared with porcine minced lung surfactant extract (moderate certainty).

• Comparison of animal‐derived surfactants for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.04 [0.83, 1.31]
  8 studies · 773 participants
  Moderate

Modified bovine minced lung surfactant extract vs porcine minced lung surfactant extract

Modified bovine minced lung surfactant extract probably leads to higher death or oxygen requirement at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age compared with porcine minced lung surfactant extract (moderate certainty).

• Comparison of animal‐derived surfactants for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.3 [1.04, 1.64]
  3 studies · 448 participants
  Moderate

Bovine lung lavage surfactant extract vs modified bovine minced lung surfactant extract

Bovine lung lavage surfactant extract showed no clear difference in death or oxygen requirement at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age compared with modified bovine minced lung surfactant extract (high certainty).

• Comparison of animal‐derived surfactants for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.02 [0.89, 1.17]
  2 studies · 1133 participants
  High

Modified bovine minced lung surfactant extract vs porcine lung lavage surfactant

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Comparison of animal‐derived surfactants for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Modified bovine minced lung surfactant extract vs porcine lung lavage surfactant

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Comparison of animal‐derived surfactants for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Bovine lung lavage surfactant extract vs modified bovine minced lung surfactant extract

Bovine lung lavage surfactant extract showed no clear difference in oxygen requirement at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age (all infants) compared with modified bovine minced lung surfactant extract (high certainty).

• Comparison of animal‐derived surfactants for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.95 [0.82, 1.11]
  5 studies · 1564 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

• Effects of opioid, hypnotic and sedating medications on sleep‐disordered breathing in adults with obstructive sleep… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Music vs usual care

• Music interventions for mechanically ventilated patients 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 193 participants
  Low

PEEP vs zero end‐expiratory pressure (ZEEP) during mechanical ventilation

• Positive end‐expiratory pressure (PEEP) during anaesthesia for prevention of mortality and postoperative pulmonary… 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 80 participants
  Very low

PEEP vs zero end‐expiratory pressure (ZEEP) during mechanical ventilation

• Positive end‐expiratory pressure (PEEP) during anaesthesia for prevention of mortality and postoperative pulmonary… 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 80 participants
  Very low

Palivizumab vs motavizumab

Palivizumab showed no clear difference in supplemental oxygen therapy for RSV infection compared with motavizumab (moderate certainty).

• Monoclonal antibody for reducing the risk of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.49 [0.98, 2.26]
  2 studies · 7870 participants
  Moderate

Palivizumab vs placebo

• Monoclonal antibody for reducing the risk of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

• Swimming training for asthma in children and adolescents aged 18 years and under 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 32 participants
  High

PLMA vs tracheal tube

PLMA probably leads to lower episodes of hypoxaemia in PACU < 92% oxygen saturation compared with tracheal tube (moderate certainty).

• Supraglottic airway devices versus tracheal intubation for airway management during general anaesthesia in obese… 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.27 [0.1, 0.72]
  1 study · 70 participants
  Moderate

PLMA vs tracheal tube

• Supraglottic airway devices versus tracheal intubation for airway management during general anaesthesia in obese… 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 204 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Optimal intensity and type of leg exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 188 participants
  Moderate

Higher vs lower FiO2 or targets of arterial oxygenation

It is very uncertain whether higher changes all‐cause mortality: range 1 mo to 1 y compared with lower FiO2 or targets of arterial oxygenation (very low certainty).

• Higher versus lower fractions of inspired oxygen or targets of arterial oxygenation for adults admitted to the… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.01 [0.96, 1.06]
  16 studies · 9408 participants
  Very low