What do systematic reviews say?

Regulatory policy: use of a prescribing monitoring tool vs no regulatory intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pharmaceutical policies: effects of educational or regulatory policies targeting prescribers 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Monitoring of contractions with internal tocodynamometry vs external tocodynamometry

Monitoring of contractions with internal tocodynamometry showed no clear difference in hyperstimulation compared with external tocodynamometry (moderate certainty).

• Internal versus external tocodynamometry during induced or augmented labour 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.21 [0.78, 1.88]
  2 studies · 489 participants
  Moderate

Monitoring of contractions with internal tocodynamometry vs external tocodynamometry

Monitoring of contractions with internal tocodynamometry showed no clear difference in apgar score less than seven at five minutes compared with external tocodynamometry (moderate certainty).

• Internal versus external tocodynamometry during induced or augmented labour 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.78 [0.83, 3.83]
  3 studies · 1945 participants
  Moderate

Monitoring of contractions with internal tocodynamometry vs external tocodynamometry

Monitoring of contractions with internal tocodynamometry showed no clear difference in umbilical artery pH < 7.15 compared with external tocodynamometry (moderate certainty).

• Internal versus external tocodynamometry during induced or augmented labour 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.31 [0.95, 1.79]
  1 study · 1456 participants
  Moderate

Monitoring of contractions with internal tocodynamometry vs external tocodynamometry

Monitoring of contractions with internal tocodynamometry showed no clear difference in umbilical artery pH < 7.16 compared with external tocodynamometry (moderate certainty).

• Internal versus external tocodynamometry during induced or augmented labour 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.23 [0.39, 3.92]
  1 study · 239 participants
  Moderate

Monitoring of contractions with internal tocodynamometry vs external tocodynamometry

Monitoring of contractions with internal tocodynamometry showed no clear difference in admission to neonatal intensive care compared with external tocodynamometry (moderate certainty).

• Internal versus external tocodynamometry during induced or augmented labour 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.34 [0.07, 1.67]
  2 studies · 489 participants
  Moderate

Monitoring of contractions with internal tocodynamometry vs external tocodynamometry

Monitoring of contractions with internal tocodynamometry showed no clear difference in instrumental vaginal delivery compared with external tocodynamometry (moderate certainty).

• Internal versus external tocodynamometry during induced or augmented labour 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.06 [0.85, 1.32]
  3 studies · 1945 participants
  Moderate

Monitoring of contractions with internal tocodynamometry vs external tocodynamometry

Monitoring of contractions with internal tocodynamometry showed no clear difference in caesarean section compared with external tocodynamometry (moderate certainty).

• Internal versus external tocodynamometry during induced or augmented labour 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.04 [0.85, 1.29]
  3 studies · 1945 participants
  Moderate

Education, self‐monitoring plus education, and decision aids vs usual care

• Educational and behavioural interventions for anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 69 participants
  Very low

Education, self‐monitoring plus education, and decision aids vs usual care

• Educational and behavioural interventions for anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 587 participants
  Low

Education, self‐monitoring plus education, and decision aids vs usual care

• Educational and behavioural interventions for anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 587 participants
  Low

Education, self‐monitoring plus education, and decision aids vs usual care

• Educational and behavioural interventions for anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 721 participants
  Low

Single‐component medication monitoring and adjustment intervention vs control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for preventing delirium in older people in institutional long‐term care 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Single‐component medication monitoring and adjustment intervention vs control

Single‐component medication monitoring and adjustment intervention probably leads to lower incidence of delirium NH‐CAM compared with control (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for preventing delirium in older people in institutional long‐term care 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.42 [0.34, 0.51]
  1 study · 7311 participants
  Moderate

Single‐component medication monitoring and adjustment intervention vs control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for preventing delirium in older people in institutional long‐term care 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Single‐component medication monitoring and adjustment intervention vs control

Single‐component medication monitoring and adjustment intervention showed no clear difference in mortality compared with control (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for preventing delirium in older people in institutional long‐term care 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.88 [0.66, 1.17]
  1 study · 9412 participants
  Moderate

Single‐component medication monitoring and adjustment intervention vs control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for preventing delirium in older people in institutional long‐term care 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Single‐component medication monitoring and adjustment intervention vs control

Single‐component medication monitoring and adjustment intervention showed no clear difference in falls Fall events compared with control (low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing delirium in older people in institutional long‐term care 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.03 [0.92, 1.15]
  1 study · 2275 participants
  Low

Single‐component medication monitoring and adjustment intervention vs control

Single‐component medication monitoring and adjustment intervention showed no clear difference in hospital admissions compared with control (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for preventing delirium in older people in institutional long‐term care 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.89 [0.72, 1.1]
  1 study · 7599 participants
  Moderate

Does treatment guided by serial BNP or NT‐proBNP monitoring improve outcomes vs treatment guided by clinical assessment alone?

Does treatment guided by serial BNP or NT‐proBNP monitoring improve… showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with treatment guided by clinical assessment alone? (low certainty).

• B‐type natriuretic peptide‐guided treatment for heart failure 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.87 [0.76, 1.01]
  15 studies · 3169 participants
  Low