Cochrane · systematic review · CD013478
Pharmaceutical policies: effects of educational or regulatory policies targeting prescribers
Suleman, F, Movik, E · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2019 · Cochrane Library
Effective Practice and Organisation of CareAMSTAR 2: not assessed
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
24
current version
GRADE rated
6
No studies
13
Included studies
NR
No studies 13 · 54.2%Ungraded 5 · 20.8%Very low 6 · 25%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Regulatory policy: use of a prescribing monitoring tool compared to no regulatory intervention
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Medicine use Regulatory policy: use of a prescribing monitoring tool vs no regulatory intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Health care utilization Regulatory policy: use of a prescribing monitoring tool vs no regulatory intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Health outcomes Regulatory policy: use of a prescribing monitoring tool vs no regulatory intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Costs Regulatory policy: use of a prescribing monitoring tool vs no regulatory intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians compared to no educational intervention
Population: prescribers or patients that are subjected to educational interventions in prescribing due to government, non‐government or third party payer policies
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Medicine use Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians vs no educational intervention | no estimate extracted | 1 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Health care utilization Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians vs no educational intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Health outcomes Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians vs no educational intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Costs Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians vs no educational intervention | no estimate extracted | 1 participants | Ungraded |
Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members compared to no educational intervention
Population: prescribers or patients that are subjected to regulatory and educational interventions in prescribing due to government, non‐government or third party payer policies
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Medicine use Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members vs no educational intervention | no estimate extracted | 1 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Health care utilization Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members vs no educational intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Health outcomes Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members vs no educational intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Costs Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members vs no educational intervention | no estimate extracted | 1 participants | Ungraded |
Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members compared to mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians only
Population: prescribers or patients that are subjected to educational or regulatory interventions in prescribing due to government, non‐government or third party payer policies
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Medicine use Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members vs mailed educational materials on prescribing | no estimate extracted | 1 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Healthcare utilization Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members vs mailed educational materials on prescribing | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Health outcomes Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members vs mailed educational materials on prescribing | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Costs Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members vs mailed educational materials on prescribing | no estimate extracted | 1 participants | Ungraded |
Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians only compared to an intervention to regulate drug reimbursement
Population: prescribers or patients that are subjected to educational or regulatory interventions in prescribing due to government, non‐government or third party payer policies
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Medicine use Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians only vs an intervention to regulate drug reimbursement | no estimate extracted | 1 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Healthcare utilization Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians only vs an intervention to regulate drug reimbursement | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Health outcomes Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians only vs an intervention to regulate drug reimbursement | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Costs Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians only vs an intervention to regulate drug reimbursement | no estimate extracted | 1 participants | Ungraded |
Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members compared to an intervention to regulate drug reimbursement
Population: prescribers or patients that are subjected to educational or regulatory interventions in prescribing due to government, non‐government or third party payer policies
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Medicine Use Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members vs an intervention to regulate drug reimbursement | no estimate extracted | 1 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Healthcare utilization Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members vs an intervention to regulate drug reimbursement | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Health outcomes Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members vs an intervention to regulate drug reimbursement | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Costs Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members vs an intervention to regulate drug reimbursement | no estimate extracted | 1 participants | Ungraded |