What do systematic reviews say?

Summary of findings: Sevelamer vs calcium

Summary of findings: Sevelamer showed no clear difference in constipation compared with calcium (low certainty).

• Phosphate binders for preventing and treating chronic kidney disease‐mineral and bone disorder (CKD‐MBD) 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.35 [0.71, 2.57]
  6 studies · 2652 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: Sevelamer vs calcium

• Phosphate binders for preventing and treating chronic kidney disease‐mineral and bone disorder (CKD‐MBD) 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  23 studies · 4360 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings ‐ Lanthanum vs calcium

Summary of findings ‐ Lanthanum showed no clear difference in death (all causes) compared with calcium (low certainty).

• Phosphate binders for preventing and treating chronic kidney disease‐mineral and bone disorder (CKD‐MBD) 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.76 [0.18, 3.11]
  6 studies · 505 participants
  Low

Summary of findings ‐ Lanthanum vs calcium

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Phosphate binders for preventing and treating chronic kidney disease‐mineral and bone disorder (CKD‐MBD) 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings ‐ Lanthanum vs calcium

Summary of findings ‐ Lanthanum may leads to lower hypercalcaemia compared with calcium (low certainty).

• Phosphate binders for preventing and treating chronic kidney disease‐mineral and bone disorder (CKD‐MBD) 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.16 [0.06, 0.43]
  8 studies · 1347 participants
  Low

Summary of findings ‐ Lanthanum vs calcium

Summary of findings ‐ Lanthanum showed no clear difference in nausea compared with calcium (low certainty).

• Phosphate binders for preventing and treating chronic kidney disease‐mineral and bone disorder (CKD‐MBD) 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.65 [0.95, 2.89]
  5 studies · 1191 participants
  Low

Summary of findings ‐ Lanthanum vs calcium

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings ‐ Lanthanum changes vomiting compared with calcium (very low certainty).

• Phosphate binders for preventing and treating chronic kidney disease‐mineral and bone disorder (CKD‐MBD) 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 3.88 [0.48, 31.7]
  2 studies · 1058 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings ‐ Lanthanum vs calcium

Summary of findings ‐ Lanthanum showed no clear difference in constipation compared with calcium (low certainty).

• Phosphate binders for preventing and treating chronic kidney disease‐mineral and bone disorder (CKD‐MBD) 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.79 [0.5, 1.26]
  5 studies · 1213 participants
  Low

Summary of findings ‐ Lanthanum vs calcium

• Phosphate binders for preventing and treating chronic kidney disease‐mineral and bone disorder (CKD‐MBD) 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  9 studies · 400 participants
  Very low

Beta‐blockers vs calcium channel blockers

Beta‐blockers showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with calcium‐channel blockers (moderate certainty).

• Beta‐blockers for hypertension 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.07 [1, 1.14]
  4 studies · 44825 participants
  Moderate

Beta‐blockers vs calcium channel blockers

Beta‐blockers probably leads to higher total cardiovascular disease compared with calcium‐channel blockers (moderate certainty).

• Beta‐blockers for hypertension 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.18 [1.08, 1.29]
  2 studies · 19915 participants
  Moderate

Beta‐blockers vs calcium channel blockers

Beta‐blockers probably leads to higher total stroke compared with calcium‐channel blockers (moderate certainty).

• Beta‐blockers for hypertension 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.24 [1.11, 1.4]
  3 studies · 44167 participants
  Moderate

Beta‐blockers vs calcium channel blockers

Beta‐blockers showed no clear difference in total coronary heart disease compared with calcium‐channel blockers (moderate certainty).

• Beta‐blockers for hypertension 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.05 [0.96, 1.15]
  3 studies · 44167 participants
  Moderate

Beta‐blockers vs calcium channel blockers

Beta‐blockers showed no clear difference in withdrawal due to adverse effect compared with calcium‐channel blockers (low certainty).

• Beta‐blockers for hypertension 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.2 [0.71, 2.04]
  2 studies · 21591 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: Sevelamer vs calcium carbonate

• Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 29 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: Sevelamer vs calcium carbonate

• Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 29 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: Sevelamer vs calcium carbonate

• Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 29 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: Sevelamer vs calcium carbonate

• Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 29 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: Sevelamer vs calcium carbonate

• Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 29 participants
  Very low

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs calcium channel blockers

ACE Inhibitors showed no clear difference in death compared with calcium channel blockers (low certainty).

• Antihypertensive treatment for kidney transplant recipients 2009 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 4.03 [0.45, 35.82]
  2 studies · 221 participants
  Low